Effect of allopurinol, superoxide‐dismutase, and hyperbaric oxygen on flap survival

Abstract

The effect of allopurinol, superoxide-dismutase, and hyperbaric oxygen was compared on axial pattern skin flap survival. An abdominal flap based on the inferior epigastric pedicle was raised in rats for this purpose. Three experimental groups were studied. In the first group, adult male Wistar rats received 50 mg/kg I.P. of allopurinol. The second received 20,000 I.U./kg of superoxide-dismutase. The third group was submitted to hyperbaric oxygen therapy. The flaps were exposed to 8-h warm ischemia. Flap survival was evaluated on postoperative day 7. All flaps survived, and the mean survival areas were 63.53%, 83.03%, and 55.98%, respectively, in the allopurinol, superoxide-dismutase, and hyperbaric groups. The percentage of flap necrosis was significantly smaller in all experimental groups when compared to controls (P < 0.05). It was clear that the superoxide-dismutase group had better results on axial pattern ischemic skin flap survival, under the tested conditions. The tested methods improved flap survival to ischemic injury, and the flap designed is a reliable model for further investigations.

Estudo da ação da estreptoquinase e do alopurinol em retalhos cutâneos em ilha submetidos à isquemia prolongada: estudo experimental em ratos

“…10,11,13,33 Increased stress on the scar from greater migration of fibroblasts in ischemic injuries has also been found in rats 34 treated with allopurinol. The benefits would probably be even higher if allopurinol was administered as pretreatment, preventing the formation of free radicals, since they inhibit xanthine oxidase instead of acting directly on free radicals.…”

“…The phenomenon is known nonperfusion, due to microcirculatory thrombosis and not to pedicle thromobosis. 30,31 The epigastric flap was chosen for this study because it has axial blood irrigation through the inferior surface epigastric vessels, easily accessible, as described by Sasaki and Pang, a model widely used in scientific research [10][11][12][13][14][15]37,[39][40][41][42][43] on the subject of ischemia-reperfusion.…”

Study of Warm Ischemia Followed by Reperfusion on a Lower Limb Model in Rats: Effect of Allopurinol and Streptokinase

“…These alterations to mi-crocirculation constitute the no-reflow phenomenon. 3,[5][6][7][8][9] Obstruction is progressive, with thrombus formation in the microcirculation, platelet aggregation, and tissue edema. Irreversible damage and loss of limb or of microsurgical flap can result.…”

Estudo da ação da estreptoquinase e do alopurinol em retalhos cutâneos em ilha submetidos à isquemia prolongada: estudo experimental em ratos

“…Diversos estudos evidenciaram os efeitos benéficos do alopurinol utilizado como pré-tratamento, ou seja, momentos antes da elevação do retalho, ou antes da reperfusão 10,11,13,33 . Verificou-se também aumento na tensão da cicatriz através de maior migração de fibroblastos em feridas isquêmicas em ratos 34 tratados com alopurinol.…”

“…Denomina-se este fenômeno de não perfusão, devido à trombose da microcirculação e não por trombose do pedículo 30,31 . O retalho epigástrico foi escolhido no presente estudo,por ter irrigação sanguínea axial através dos vasos epigástricos superficiais inferiores facilmente acessíveis conforme descrito por Sasaki e pang, sendo um modelo amplamente utilizado em pesquisas científicas [10][11][12][13][14][15]37,[39][40][41][42][43] relacionadas ao estudo da isquemia/reperfusão. …”