Effect of Alkaline Treatment and Coupling Agent on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Macadamia Nutshell Residues Based PP Composites

Silva, Nycolle G. S.; Cortat, Lucas I.C.O.; Mulinari, Daniella Regina

doi:10.1007/s10924-021-02112-7

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Briefly, MAPP's interaction mechanism is based on the formation of chemical bonds via esterification with the hydroxyl groups at the fiber surface. In addition, the PP chains from MAPP may diffuse through the PP matrix via a self-entangling mechanism (physical interactions) [29]. Soleimani et al [30] stated that the addition of a 5 wt.% of MAPP to flax fiber-reinforced PP composites improved the physical and mechanical properties (water absorption, tensile strength, and impact strength).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Young’s Modulus Estimation of Natural Fibers through Micromechanical Models: The Case of Henequen Fibers Reinforced-PP Composites

et al. 2021

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In this study, Young’s modulus of henequen fibers was estimated through micromechanical modeling of polypropylene (PP)-based composites, and further corroborated through a single filament tensile test after applying a correction method. PP and henequen strands, chopped to 1 mm length, were mixed in the presence of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP). A 4 wt.% of MAPP showed an effective enhancement of the interfacial adhesion. The composites were mold-injected into dog-bone specimens and tensile tested. The Young’s modulus of the composites increased steadily and linearly up to 50 wt.% of fiber content from 1.5 to 6.4 GPa, corresponding to a 327% increase. Certainly, henequen fibers showed a comparable stiffening capacity of PP composites than glass fibers. The intrinsic Young’s modulus of the fibers was predicted through well established models such as Hirsch or Tsai-Pagano, yielding average values of 30.5 and 34.6 GPa, respectively. The single filament test performed to henequen strands resulted in values between 16 and 27 GPa depending on the gauge length, although, after applying a correction method, a Young’s modulus of 33.3 GPa was obtained. Overall, the present work presents the great potential for henequen fibers as PP reinforcement. Moreover, relationships between micromechanics models and filament testing to estimate Young’s modulus of the fibers were explored.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective Young’s Modulus Estimation of Natural Fibers through Micromechanical Models: The Case of Henequen Fibers Reinforced-PP Composites

et al. 2021

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“…This behavior is typical of thermoplastic composites reinforced with natural fibers, as reported. 52–54 For PCL/JWF and PCL/JWF/PCL-g-MA biocomposites, the initial weight loss range up to 100°C corresponds to moisture loss and, therefore, being a physical thermal event, not having weight loss of the compound. 55,56 It was verified that in the temperature range between 100 and 200°C for the biocomposites, the weight loss was minimal.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This behavior is typical of thermoplastic composites reinforced with natural fibers, as reported. [52][53][54] For PCL/JWF and PCL/JWF/PCL-g-MA biocomposites, the initial weight loss range up to 100°C corresponds to moisture loss and, T c : crystallization temperature. T m = crystalline melting temperature.…”

Section: Thermogravimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Jatobá wood flour: An alternative for the production of ecological and sustainable PCL biocomposites

Luna

Filho

Siqueira

et al. 2022

Journal of Composite Materials

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The industrial residue of Jatobá wood flour (JWF) was reused during production of biocomposites based on polycaprolactone (PCL), 50% by weight of JWF was added to PCL matrix. Initially, maleic anhydride-grafted polycaprolactone compatibilizer (PCL-g-MA) was synthesized and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and degree of grafting. Afterwards, PCL/JWF and PCL/JWF/PCL-g-MA biocomposites were processed in an internal mixer and injection molded. From the gathered results, increase in torque and reduction in the melt flow index of PCL/JWF biocomposites were verified related to neat PCL. Upon addition of PCL-g-MA to PCL/JWF there was a lubricating effect with reduced torque and increased fluidity. PCL/JWF displayed increased elastic modulus, Shore D hardness, and heat deflection temperature (HDT) around 158.5%, 16% and 24.5%, respectively, related to PCL. Nevertheless, there was decline in tensile strength and impact strength, which were improved in PCL/JWF/PCL-g-MA, suggesting higher interaction among phases, providing greater stress transfer. An interesting finding was the nucleating effect of JWF in PCL matrix, as the increased degree of crystallinity and accelerated crystallization. Morphology of PCL/JWF evidenced several voids, but upon compatibilization with PCL-g-MA, the interfacial adhesion and wetness increased, improving the mechanical properties. JWF reusing presents great potential to produce sustainable biocomposites, reducing the final product costs.

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“…34 Silva et al reported that alkaline solution was efficient not only in the dissolution of lignocellulosic constituents of macadamia nutshell fibre that triggered fibrillation but also in removing wax, oil and impurities, reducing the average length and radius of the fibres. 35 Olakanmi et al highlighted that wood fibre treated at room temperature with an alkali concentration of up to 4 wt% achieved the isolation of cellulose. 25 In the present work, the degradation behaviour, chemical structure and morphology of the fibres corroborate the reports mentioned above, indicating the removal of hemicellulose and lignin from the wood fibres.…”

Section: Chemical Treatment Of the Fibresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of size and delignification on the mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposites reinforced with wood fibres via extrusion

Cosse¹,

Voet²,

Folkersma³

et al. 2023

RSC Sustain.

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Effect of Alkaline Treatment and Coupling Agent on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Macadamia Nutshell Residues Based PP Composites

Cited by 9 publications

References 52 publications

Effective Young’s Modulus Estimation of Natural Fibers through Micromechanical Models: The Case of Henequen Fibers Reinforced-PP Composites

Effective Young’s Modulus Estimation of Natural Fibers through Micromechanical Models: The Case of Henequen Fibers Reinforced-PP Composites

Jatobá wood flour: An alternative for the production of ecological and sustainable PCL biocomposites

The effect of size and delignification on the mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) biocomposites reinforced with wood fibres via extrusion

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