Effect of Alkali on the Absorption of Thyroxine From the Gastrointestinal Tract

Thompson, Willard O.; Thompson, Patricia J.; Dickie, Lois F. N.; Alper, Joseph M.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1933.00160050162008

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…No correlation was evident between the solubilities of the derivatives and their activities, with the possible exception of free thyroxine and its mono-sodium salt. The higher activity of the mono-sodium salt compared with that of free (320) thyroxine is in accord with the clinical results of Thompson, Thompson, Dickie, and Alper (1933) for patients with myxoedema and with the more recent studies of Monroe and Turner (1949) on the domestic fowl. We did not, however, find the disodium salt more active than the mono-sodium salt, which is in agreement with Monroe and Turner but not with Thompson et al…”

supporting

confidence: 86%

“…The difference is probably a question of absorption, free thyroxine, owing to its insolubility, being poorly absorbed (cf. Thompson et aL., 1933;Monroe and Turner, 1949). We have shown in a previous communication (Clayton, Free, Page, Somers, and Woollett, 1949), using thyroxine sodium labelled with '"'I, that absorption of this salt from the intestine does occur, but these studies have not been extended to free thyroxine itself.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Measurement of Thyroid Activity by the Mouse Anoxia Method

Basil¹,

Somers²,

Woollett³

1950

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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Animals given substances with thyroid activity show a reduced resistance to anoxia (Duran, 1920), and Smith, Emmens, and Parkes (1947) have used this effect in a method of thyroid assay based on the survival times of mice in closed jars. We have used it for comparing the activities of thyroxine and some of its derivatives. We find it relatively simple to carry out; the results it gave have been confirmed in clinical trials, both with sodium thyroxine and with the N-formyl derivative (Hart and Maclagan, 1950).We were particularly interested in two questions: has solubility an important effect on the activity of thyroxine and has thyroxine enhanced activity in the dried glandular extract ? For this purpose a number of preparations of synthetic thyroxine and its derivatives were prepared (Clayton and Hems, 1949) and examined for thyroid activity. This paper records the results obtained biologically. PROCEDURE Throughout the whole of the experiment the mice were kept in a thermostatically controlled incubator room at a temperature of 25.50 ± 1°. For each experiment use was made of male fawn mice of the GFF strain, weighing between 18 and 24 grammes, distributed into groups of twenty animals to give uniform body weight representation. Usually six groups, at ascending dose levels, were employed, three for the standard and three for the test preparations; a further twenty mice were kept as controls.The doses were administered on three alternate days, every animal in a group receiving the same dose irrespective of body weight and the volume of the solution injected being the same for all groups. All compounds for assay were either suspended in 0.9 per cent sodium chloride solution or dissolved in 0.01 M-sodium carbonate solution containing 0.9 per cent sodium chloride.On the second day after the final injection the groups of ten mice were sealed in glass jars and the time of sealing was recorded. We used 32-oz. wide neck, screwcapped clear bottles, with soft paraffin smeared on the neck to ensure a complete seal. The volumes of the jars ranged from 980 to 1,020 ml., and they were randomly distributed. The time of survival was recorded for each individual mouse, the endpoint being the last visible respiration, which is almost invariably preceded by marked terminal convulsions.

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supporting

confidence: 86%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Thyroid Activity by the Mouse Anoxia Method

Basil¹,

Somers²,

Woollett³

1950

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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“…4J~~~~~~~~4.,., Excess calories were calculated by a method previously described (8,9). DATA Effect of heating desiccated thyroid zith alkali The data are recorded in Tables I, II and III and in Figures 1 to 8.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%