Effect of alcohol on blood pressure

Tasnim, Saria; Tang, Chantel; Musini, Vijaya M; Wright, James M

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012787.pub2

Cited by 47 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 312 publications

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“…Nevertheless, given that the risk for hypertension increases linearly with alcohol consumption, limiting alcohol intake is recommended for both men and women (Taylor 2009) and, in hypertensive subjects, consumption above certain levels is considered unwise (Puddey 2006). A recent Cochrane review has been carried out to quantify the acute e ects of di erent doses of alcohol over time on blood pressure and heart rate in adults (Tasnim 2020). The main conclusion was that high-dose alcohol (> 30 g of alcohol for men and > 20 g for women) shows a biphasic e ect by decreasing blood pressure up to 12 hours a er consumption and increasing it beyond that time.…”

Section: Why It Is Important To Do This Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main conclusion was that high-dose alcohol (> 30 g of alcohol for men and > 20 g for women) shows a biphasic e ect by decreasing blood pressure up to 12 hours a er consumption and increasing it beyond that time. Heart rate was increased by high-dose alcohol at all times up to 24 hours (Tasnim 2020). Finally, some recommendations on hypertension management in healthy adults propose limiting alcohol consumption to no more than 14 standard drinks per week for men or 9 standard drinks per week for women (one standard drink is considered to be equivalent to 13.6 g or 17.2 mL of ethanol) (Hypertension Canada 2018).…”

Section: Why It Is Important To Do This Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alcohol intake reduction for controlling hypertension

Acin¹,

Rueda

Saiz

et al. 2020

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Section: Why It Is Important To Do This Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Why It Is Important To Do This Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol intake reduction for controlling hypertension

Acin¹,

Rueda

Saiz

et al. 2020

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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“…functioning. Cardiovascular effects of moderate alcohol consumption include protective effects such as lower blood pressure [7] and elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [46] and detrimental effects such as glucose-and metabolic dysregulation [47]. Among these, lower blood pressure has most consistently been associated with better cognitive performance [48], [49], and may thus be a likely mediator.…”

Section: P R E -P R I N Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, for cardiovascular outcomes, both abstinence and very heavy drinking are associated with higher risks compared to light of moderate drinking [5], [6]. Such effects might be mediated by the blood pressure-lowering properties of alcohol [7], and/or by anti-inflammatory or anti-oxidative processes [8].…”

Section: P R E -P R I N T Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drinking habits and executive functioning: a propensity score-weighted analysis of 78,832 adults

Schweren

Haavik

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Excessive alcohol intake compromises cognitive functioning. At the same time, moderate alcohol consumption is reported to protect against Alzheimer’s disease among elderly. Little is known about dose-dependent effects of alcohol consumption on higher-order cognitive functioning among generally healthy adults. Here, we applied propensity weighted analyses to investigate associations between habitual drinking patterns and executive functioning in the general population.A community sample of N=78,832 Dutch adults (age 18-65, 40.9% male) completed the Ruff Figural Fluency Task of executive functioning (range 1-165), and self-reported their past month consumption of alcoholic beverages on a food frequency questionnaire. Participants were stratified according to drinking level (abstinent [22.0%], occasional [<2.5 g/day, 21.4%], light [2.5–14.9 g/day, 42.9%], moderate [15–29.9 g/day, 11.4%], or heavy [>30 g/day, 2.3%]) and binge-drinking (yes [10.6%] vs. no [89.4%]). Groups were equivalised using multinomial propensity score weighing based on demographic, socioeconomic, health-related and psychosocial factors influencing drinking behaviour.Compared to abstinent participants, task performance was better among light drinkers (β[95% CI]=0.056[0.033-0.078] or +1.3 points, p<0.0001) and moderate drinkers (β[95% CI]=0.111[0.079-0.143] or +2.5 points, p<0.0001), but not among occasional drinkers (β[95% CI]=0.018[-0.006-0.043], p=0.1432) or heavy drinkers (β[95% CI]=0.075[-0.009-0.158], p=0.0791). No difference was found between binge-drinkers and non-binge-drinkers (β[95% CI]=0.032[-0.002-0.066], p=0.0654).In conclusion, we observed better executive functioning in light-moderate drinkers compared to abstainers, but not in occasional drinkers, heavy drinkers or binge-drinkers. This non-linear association is reminiscent of the dose-dependent effect of alcohol consumption on cardiovascular risk. Further studies may determine whether cardiovascular, inflammatory and/or other somatic factors mediate the association between moderate drinking and higher-order cognitive functions. Although analyses were adjusted for observed factors that influence drinking behaviours, we cannot exclude a contribution from unobserved residual confounding.

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“…Randomized intervention studies by design do not suffer from these types of biases. Thus far, mainly short-term randomized controlled trials with cardiometabolic biomarkers as endpoints have been carried out [8][9][10][11][12][13]. According to several meta-analyses of these trials moderate alcohol intake increased HDL cholesterol and adiponectin, and lowered fasting insulin and HbA1c levels, but had no effect on triglycerides and insulin sensitivity [8,9,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol consumption in relation to cardiovascular diseases and mortality: a systematic review of Mendelian randomization studies

et al. 2021

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The causal effects of alcohol-in-moderation on cardiometabolic health are continuously debated. Mendelian randomization (MR) is an established method to address causal questions in observational studies. We performed a systematic review of the current evidence from MR studies on the association between alcohol consumption and cardiometabolic diseases, all-cause mortality and cardiovascular risk factors. We performed a systematic search of the literature, including search terms on type of design and exposure. We assessed methodological quality based on key elements of the MR design: use of a full instrumental variable analysis and validation of the three key MR assumptions. We additionally looked at exploration of non-linearity. We reported the direction of the studied associations. Our search yielded 24 studies that were eligible for inclusion. A full instrumental variable analysis was performed in 17 studies (71%) and 13 out of 24 studies (54%) validated all three key assumptions. Five studies (21%) assessed potential non-linearity. In general, null associations were reported for genetically predicted alcohol consumption with the primary outcomes cardiovascular disease (67%) and diabetes (75%), while the only study on all-cause mortality reported a detrimental association. Considering the heterogeneity in methodological quality of the included MR studies, it is not yet possible to draw conclusions on the causal role of moderate alcohol consumption on cardiometabolic health. As MR is a rapidly evolving field, we expect that future MR studies, especially with recent developments regarding instrument selection and non-linearity methodology, will further substantiate this discussion.

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Effect of alcohol on blood pressure

Cited by 47 publications

References 312 publications

Alcohol intake reduction for controlling hypertension

Alcohol intake reduction for controlling hypertension

Drinking habits and executive functioning: a propensity score-weighted analysis of 78,832 adults

Alcohol consumption in relation to cardiovascular diseases and mortality: a systematic review of Mendelian randomization studies

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