“…As compared to Al-Ti-B refiner, Al-Ti-C refiner is considered as the most promising grain refiners for aluminum and its alloy due to the small size of TiC particles, low aggregation tendency in aluminum melt, and difficulty in poisoning with element such as Zr and Cr [3,4,5,6,7]. Unfortunately, the key issue in the production of Al-Ti-C alloy is that the wet-ability between carbon and Al melt is poor, which makes the formation of TiC difficult [8,9,10]. It has been reported that the rare earth metals have certain refining ability and catalytic effect [11,12], which play an important role in promoting the synthesis of fine TiC particles in the preparation of Al-Ti-C alloy, and thus, Al-Ti-C-RE alloys with better refining efficiency than Al-Ti-C have been developed [13,14,15,16].…”