Effect of Air Gap Entrapped in Firefighter Protective Clothing on Thermal Resistance and Evaporative Resistance

He, Hualing; Yu, Zhicai

doi:10.1515/aut-2017-0006

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…27,28 The presence of air gaps influences negatively the wear comfort in terms of heat and water vapor transfer from the human body to the environment. 18 We will investigate how air gap sizes along with environmental conditions could affect heat transfer through firefighter turnout composites. Apart from the fabric-level test, garment-level characterization is also necessary.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of environmental temperature and humidity on evaporative heat loss through firefighter suit materials made with semi-permeable and microporous moisture barriers

Gao

Deaton

Fang

et al. 2021

Textile Research Journal

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The goal of this research was to understand how firefighter protective suits perform in different operational environments. This study used a sweating guarded hotplate to examine the effect of environmental temperature (20–45°C) and relative humidity (25–85% RH) on evaporative heat loss through firefighter turnout materials. Four firefighter turnout composites containing three different bi-component (semi-permeable) and one microporous moisture barriers were selected. The results showed that the evaporative resistance of microporous moisture barrier systems was independent of environmental testing conditions. However, absorbed moisture strongly affected evaporative heat loss through semi-permeable moisture barriers coated with a layer of nonporous hydrophilic polymer. Moisture absorption in mild environment (20–25°C) tests, or when testing at high humidity (>85% RH), significantly increased water vapor transmission in semi-permeable turnout systems. It was also found that environmental conditions used in the total heat loss (THL) test (25°C and 65% RH) produced moisture condensation in bi-component barrier systems, making them appear more breathable than could be expected when worn in hotter environments. Regression models successfully qualified the relationships between moisture uptake levels in semi-permeable barrier systems and evaporative resistance and THL. These findings reveal the limitations in relying on THL, the heat strain index currently called for by the NFPA 1971 Standard for Structural Firefighter personal protective equipment, and supports the need to measure turnout evaporative resistance at 35°C (Ret), in addition to THL at 25°C.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of environmental temperature and humidity on evaporative heat loss through firefighter suit materials made with semi-permeable and microporous moisture barriers

Gao

Deaton

Fang

et al. 2021

Textile Research Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…When human body is in a sweating state, the breathability, moisture permeability and moisture wicking of the garment is important for maintaining the thermal equilibrium condition between human body and surrounding environment 39 . Measurements of thermal and evaporative resistance provided by textile can be used to determine the thermal-moisture comfortability 40 . In thermal resistance test (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-fiber tribo-ferroelectric synergistic electronics with high thermal-moisture stability and comfortability

et al. 2019

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Developing fabric-based electronics with good wearability is undoubtedly an urgent demand for wearable technologies. Although the state-of-the-art fabric-based wearable devices have shown unique advantages in the field of e-textiles, further efforts should be made before achieving "electronic clothing" due to the hard challenge of optimally unifying both promising electrical performance and comfortability in single device. Here, we report an all-fiber triboferroelectric synergistic e-textile with outstanding thermal-moisture comfortability. Owing to a tribo-ferroelectric synergistic effect introduced by ferroelectric polymer nanofibers, the maximum peak power density of the e-textile reaches 5.2 W m −2 under low frequency motion, which is 7 times that of the state-of-the-art breathable triboelectric textiles. Electronic nanofiber materials form hierarchical networks in the e-textile hence lead to moisture wicking, which contributes to outstanding thermal-moisture comfortability of the e-textile. The all-fiber electronics is reliable in complicated real-life situation. Therefore, it is an idea prototypical example for electronic clothing.

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“…The heat transfer between the fabric combination system and the skin simulant sensor consists of heat radiation and heat conduction/heat convection. Combined with the literature [24], it can be considered that no natural convection occurred in the 6.4 mm static air layer in this study. Therefore, the air gap with a thickness of 6.4 mm between the fabric system and skin simulant sensor weakened the heat transfer.…”

Section: Effect Of Air Gap On Tppmentioning

confidence: 57%

Thermal Protective Performance of Firefighters’ Clothing Under Low-Intensity Radiation Heat Exposure

Zhang

et al. 2020

Autex Research Journal

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The stored energy provided by the fabric assemblies will greatly influence the thermal protection performance (TPP) of firefighters’ protective clothing under low-intensity radiation heat exposure. In this study, two test methods, namely radiant protective performance (RPP) and stored energy test (SET), were used to investigate the TPP of the fabric assemblies. The results indicated that TSET value was lower than TRPP value because of the release of the stored energy in the fabric assemblies after heat exposure. Increasing the fabric layer numbers, air gap between the fabric assemblies would increase the time of TRPP and TSET, indicating that the thermal stored energy weakened the TPP of the firefighters’ protective clothing. Moreover, the TRPP and TSET of the fabric system would be increased when the moisture barrier was cut in the fabric combination system. These findings suggested that stored energy should be considered in analyzing the TPP of fabric assemblies..

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Effect of Air Gap Entrapped in Firefighter Protective Clothing on Thermal Resistance and Evaporative Resistance

Cited by 18 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of environmental temperature and humidity on evaporative heat loss through firefighter suit materials made with semi-permeable and microporous moisture barriers

Effects of environmental temperature and humidity on evaporative heat loss through firefighter suit materials made with semi-permeable and microporous moisture barriers

All-fiber tribo-ferroelectric synergistic electronics with high thermal-moisture stability and comfortability

Thermal Protective Performance of Firefighters’ Clothing Under Low-Intensity Radiation Heat Exposure

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