Effect of air and exhaust gas dilutions on ultra-fine particulate emissions in different combustion modes

Hao, Caifeng; Luo, Yinmi; Yang, Puze; Wu, Binyang

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156865

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The coarse category is primarily generated from attrition processes, namely, mechanical abrasion, the re-suspension of road and soil dust, volcanic eruptions, and sea spray [6]. On the other hand, fine and ultrafine mode particles evolve mainly from combustion processes, e.g., biomass burning, motor vehicle exhaust, coal combustion, and chemical processes in the atmosphere [7,8].…”

Section: Introduction Of Impact Of Pm 01mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Nanoparticles (PM0.1) Mapping in Thailand

Phairuang

Piriyakarnsakul²,

Inerb

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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Nanoparticles (NPs), nanoaerosols (NAs), ultrafine particles (UFPs), and PMs0.1 (diameters ≤ 0.1 µm or 100 nm) are used interchangeably in the field of atmospheric studies. This review article summarizes recent research on PM0.1 in Thailand. The review involved peer-reviewed papers that appeared in the Scopus and the Web of Science databases and included the most recently published articles in the past 10 years (2013–2022). PM0.1 mainly originate from combustion processes such as in motor vehicles. The highest mass concentration of PMs0.1 occurs during the dry season, in which open fires occur in some regions of Thailand. The northern area of the country has higher PM0.1 mass concentrations, followed by the central and southern areas. Carbonaceous nanoaerosols are produced during normal periods, and the proportions of organic to elemental carbon and char to soot suggest that these originate from motor vehicles. However, in haze periods, biomass fires can also produce carbon-containing particles. PM0.1 pollution from local and cross-border countries also needs to be considered. The overall conclusions reached will likely have a beneficial long-term impact on achieving a blue sky over Thailand through the development of coherent policies and managing new air pollution challenges and sharing knowledge with a broader audience.

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Section: Introduction Of Impact Of Pm 01mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient Nanoparticles (PM0.1) Mapping in Thailand

Phairuang

Piriyakarnsakul²,

Inerb

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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“…Compared to large particles, ultra-fine particles with diameters less than 100 nm are more harmful to the human body. 35 Although the current emission regulations already required the amount of particulate matter emitted from engines, only the particles with diameters greater than 23 nm were regulated. Studies have shown that particles smaller than 23 nm in diameter took up a large proportion of total particulate emissions and the existing measurement methods may not provide a comprehensive assessment of particulate emission levels.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to large particles, ultra-ne particles with diameters less than 100 nm are more harmful to the human body. 35 Although the current emission regulations already required the amount of particulate matter emitted from engines, only the particles with diameters greater than 23 nm were regulated.…”

Section: Pncmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of a pine oil/diesel blend on the particulate emission characteristics of a diesel engine under a pre-injection strategy with EGR

Chen

Guo

Huang

et al. 2023

Sustainable Energy Fuels

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“…Most recent studies on diesel engine performance focus on steady-state conditions. However, although steady-state performance and emissions have previously been reported in several studies, 9,10 insufficient attention has been paid to transient combustion and emissions. Transient conditions account for over 80% of diesel engine operations, and only some are in steady-state conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on the transient-state performance of diesel engines at different speeds using the synergistic regulation of VGT and VVT

Dai,

Li,

Liang

et al. 2023

International Journal of Engine Research

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Heavy-duty diesel engines, the heat engines with the highest thermal efficiency, usually operate under transient conditions. Thus, it is important to study the transient performance of heavy-duty diesel engines. This paper aims to solve the problems of combustion deterioration, poor response, and emission deterioration caused by the mismatch between the air intake response and the fuel system under the strong transient condition of sudden loading of 1 s under constant speed. In this paper, an experimental study on the transient performance at different speeds under the coordinated regulation of a variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) and variable valve timing (VVT) is conducted. The study found that the transient torque response is affected by combustion in the cylinder and pump work. During the low-speed transient process, due to reduced airflow and pumping losses, the VVT is switched off while the VGT delay is increased to improve air response. Consequently, the mixture in the cylinder is fully burned, and improved transient performance is obtained. In the high-speed transient process, the engine air intake flow is improved. Through the VVT is ON at the appropriate time and the VGT hysteresis control, the pumping loss can be effectively reduced, and excellent transient performance can be achieved to ensure the fast response of the in-cylinder charge. Given sudden loading from 10% to 100% within 1 s under a high speed of 1600 r/min, the VVT switches on with a 0.15 s delay, and the VGT is controlled with a 0.4 s delay. A torque response of 0.82 s can be achieved, and the soot peak value is reduced by 66.26%, and the accumulated value of soot is reduced by 46.91%. At a low speed of 1000 r/min, given sudden loading from 10% to 100% within 1 s, the 0.6 s VGT delay can reduce the accumulated value of soot by 78.57% and 56.22% compared with delays of 0.2 and 0.4 s.

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Effect of air and exhaust gas dilutions on ultra-fine particulate emissions in different combustion modes

Cited by 11 publications

References 35 publications

Ambient Nanoparticles (PM0.1) Mapping in Thailand

Ambient Nanoparticles (PM0.1) Mapping in Thailand

The effect of a pine oil/diesel blend on the particulate emission characteristics of a diesel engine under a pre-injection strategy with EGR

Experimental study on the transient-state performance of diesel engines at different speeds using the synergistic regulation of VGT and VVT

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