Effect of agronomic inputs and crop rotation on biodiesel quality and fatty acid profiles of direct-seeded canola

Harker, K. Neil; O’Donovan, John T.; Blackshaw, Robert E.; Hall, Linda M.; Willenborg, Christian J.; Kutcher, H. Randy; Gan, Yantai; Lafond, G. P.; May, William E.; Grant, C. A.; Barthet, Véronique J.; McDonald, Tanya U.; Wispinski, D.; Hartman, M.

doi:10.4141/cjps2012-277

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…While several fertilization studies with canola were conducted in the semi‐arid regions of western Canada on black, brown, and grey chernozemic soils ( Cutforth et al, 2009; Gan et al, 2007; Harker et al, 2013; Malhi et al, 2013), there was limited research in the humid regions of eastern Canada ( Simard et al, 2009). Data on N‐use efficiency of canola and responses to B and S fertilization in eastern Canada were not available, but were expected to exhibit a wider range of values than in western Canada due to greater site‐specific variability in climate, soils and agronomic practices in eastern Canada.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, yield, and yield components of canola as affected by nitrogen, sulfur, and boron application

Biswas

Herath

et al. 2015

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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Developing efficient nutrient management regimes is a prerequisite for promoting canola (Brassica napus L.) as a viable cash crop in eastern Canada. Field experiments were conducted to investigate the growth, yield, and yield components of canola in response to various combinations of preplant and sidedress nitrogen (N) with soil-applied sulfur (S) and soil and foliar-applied boron (B). Canola yield and all its yield components were strongly correlated (r 2 = 0.99) with the amount of N applied, as was the above-ground biomass at 20% flowering and the leaf area index. Sidedress N was more efficiently utilized by the crop, leading to greater yields than preplant N application. On average, canola yields increased by 9.7 kg ha -1 for preplant N application and by 13.7 kg ha -1 for sidedress N application, for every kg N ha -1 applied, in 6 of the 10 site-years. Soil-applied S also increased canola yields by 3-31% in 7 of the 10 site-years, but had no effect on yield components. While there was no change in yield from soil-applied B, the foliar B application at early flowering increased yields up to 10%, indicating that canola plants absorb B efficiently through their leaves. In summary, canola yields were improved by fertilization with N (8 of 10 site-years), S (7 of 10 site-years) and B (4 of 10 site-years). Yield gains were also noted with split N-fertilizer application that involved sidedressing N between the rosette and early flowering stage. Following these fertilizer practices could improve the yield and quality of canola crop grown in rainfed humid regions similar to those in eastern Canada.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth, yield, and yield components of canola as affected by nitrogen, sulfur, and boron application

Biswas

Herath

et al. 2015

J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.

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“…7). Varying nitrogen inputs and seeding rates were previously reported to influence oleic and linolenic acid levels (Harker et al 2013). In the current study, the biological and agronomic significance of these relatively small fatty acid differences is questionable.…”

Section: Fatty Acid Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canola cultivar mixtures and rotations do not mitigate the negative impacts of continuous canola

et al. 2015

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Harker, K. N., O'Donovan, J. T., Turkington, T. K., Blackshaw, R. E., Lupwayi, N. Z., Smith, E. G., Dosdall, L. M., Hall, L. M., Kutcher, H. R., Willenborg, C. J., Peng, G., Irvine, R. B. and Mohr, R. 2015. Canola cultivar mixtures and rotations do not mitigate the negative impacts of continuous canola. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 1085–1099. High-frequency canola (Brassica napus L.) rotations increase canola production risks. From 2008 to 2013, direct-seeded experiments involving several variations of continuous canola were compared with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and field pea (Pisum sativum L.) rotated with canola at five western Canada locations. Continuous canola rotations involved sequences of different herbicide-resistant canola and two-cultivar mixtures of herbicide-resistant canola from different sources in the same year. Fertilizers, herbicides, and insecticides were applied as required for optimal production of all crops. Rotating herbicide-resistant canola types over years or mixing two cultivars of the same herbicide-resistant type provided no pest management, yield or seed quality advantages compared with planting the same herbicide-resistant cultivar type each year. In 2013, weed biomass was lower in canola preceded by other crops than most continuous canola treatments. Compared with continuous canola, when 1 or 2 yr of wheat or field pea and wheat were inserted into 3-yr rotation cycles, 2010 root maggot damage was reduced 6% and 2013 blackleg [Leptosphaeria maculans (Desmaz.) Ces. & De Not.] incidence and severity were reduced 53 and 54%, respectively. Furthermore, yields were 22% higher when canola was grown only once in 3 yr compared with continuous canola and the wheat–canola–canola rotation. The most important mitigation strategy to ensure long-term sustainable canola production is to rotate canola with other crops.

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“…Major canola seed oil fatty acids [composition1%: palmitic, C16:0 (4.0%); stearic, C18:0 (1.6%); oleic, C18:1 (61.6%); linoleic, C18:2 (19.9%), linolenic; C18:3 (9.7%); and gadoleic, C20:1 (1.2%)] varied with cultivar, but were not influenced by canola rotation frequency (data not shown). In a previous study, levels of several fatty acids differed in canola rotated with wheat compared with canola on canola stubble (Harker et al 2013). …”

Section: Seed Oil and Protein Concentrations And Fatty Acid Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canola rotation frequency impacts canola yield and associated pest species

et al. 2015

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G. 2015. Canola rotation frequency impacts canola yield and associated pest species. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 9Á20. Canola (Brassica napus L.) production has been steadily increasing in western Canada. Here we determine the effect of canola rotation frequency on canola seed yield, quality and associated pest species. From 2008 to 2013, direct-seeded experiments involving continuous canola and all rotation phases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and canola or field pea (Pisum sativum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and canola were conducted at five western Canada locations. Fertilizers, herbicides, and insecticides were applied as required for optimal production of all crops. Canola rotation frequency did not influence canola oil or protein concentration or the level of major (composition 1%) seed oil fatty acids. High canola yields were associated with sites that experienced cooler temperatures with adequate and relatively uniform precipitation events. For each annual increase in the number of crops between canola, canola yield increased from 0.20 to 0.36 Mg ha (1 . Although total weed density was not strongly associated with canola yield, decreased blackleg disease and root maggot damage were associated with greater canola yields as rotational diversity increased. Long-term sustainable canola production will increase with cropping system diversity.Key words: Blackleg, Delia spp., direct seeding, Leptosphaeria maculans, no-till, oilseed rape, root maggots, rotational diversity, weed populations Harker, K. N., O'Donovan, J. T., Turkington, T. K., Blackshaw, R. E., Lupwayi, N. Z., Smith, E. G., Johnson, E. N., Gan, Y., Kutcher, H. R., Dosdall, L. M. et Peng, G. 2015. La fre´quence des assolements de canola influe sur le rendement de la culture et sur les ravageurs qui s'y associent. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 9Á20. La production de canola (Brassica napus L.) n'a cesse´d'augmenter dans l'Ouest canadien. Les auteurs se sont inte´resse´s aux conse´quences de la fre´quence des assolements de canola sur le rendement grainier de cette culture, sur sa qualite´et sur les ravageurs qui y sont associe´s. De 2008 a`2013, ils ont effectue´des expe´riences de semis directs pour la monoculture de canola et les assolements de ble( Triticum aestivum L.) et de canola ou de pois de grande culture (Pisum sativum L.), d'orge (Hordeum vulgare L.) et de canola a`cinq endroits, dans l'ouest du Canada. Les engrais, les herbicides et les insecticides ont e´te´applique´s au besoin afin que chaque culture donne un rendement optimal. La fre´quence des assolements de canola ne modifie pas la concentration en huile ou en prote´ines du canola, ni la teneur des principaux (composition 1 %) acides gras pre´sents dans l'huile. Le rendement du canola est plus e´leve´aux endroits ou`la tempe´rature est plus fraıˆche et les pre´cipitations, suffisantes et relativement uniformes. Pour chaque hausse annuelle du nombre de cultures dans l'assolement, le rendement du canola augmente de 0,20 a`0,36 Mg par hectare. Bien que la densite´de peuplement globale des a...

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Effect of agronomic inputs and crop rotation on biodiesel quality and fatty acid profiles of direct-seeded canola

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Growth, yield, and yield components of canola as affected by nitrogen, sulfur, and boron application

Growth, yield, and yield components of canola as affected by nitrogen, sulfur, and boron application

Canola cultivar mixtures and rotations do not mitigate the negative impacts of continuous canola

Canola rotation frequency impacts canola yield and associated pest species

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