Effect of aging on real route memorization: the role of working memory and episodic memory

Gras, Doriane; Daniel, Marie-Paule; Labiale, G; Piolino, Pascale; Gyselinck, Valérie

doi:10.1684/pnv.2012.0370

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It is worth adding that the modest contribution of WM found in our sample, by comparison with age, may be attributable to the WM tasks we used. Although the backward digit span and Corsi tasks are recognized as WM tasks (e.g., Gras, Daniel, Labiale, Piolino, & Gyselinck, 2012), they involve executive functions to a lesser extent than other complex WM tasks (Miyake, Friedman, Rettinger, Shah, & Hegarty, 2001). Our findings should consequently be considered with caution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial abilities across the adult life span.

Borella¹,

Meneghetti²,

Ronconi³

et al. 2014

Developmental Psychology

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The study investigates age-related effects across the adult life span on spatial abilities (testing subabilities based on a distinction between spatial visualization, mental rotation, and perspective taking) and spatial self-assessments. The sample consisted of 454 participants (223 women and 231 men) from 20 to 91 years of age. Results showed nonlinear age-related effects for spatial visualization and perspective taking but linear effects for mental rotation; few or no age-related effects were found for spatial self-assessments. Working memory accounted for only a small proportion of the variance in all spatial tasks and had no effect on spatial self-assessments. Overall, our findings suggest that the influence of age on spatial skills across the adult life span is considerable, but the effects of age change as a function of the spatial task considered, and the effect on spatial self-assessment is more marginal.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial abilities across the adult life span.

Borella¹,

Meneghetti²,

Ronconi³

et al. 2014

Developmental Psychology

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“…An accurate representation of a route contemplates the integration of both spatial and temporal information, such as the direction of the route (e.g., right and left turns), its metric length, its temporal duration, as well as keeping track of the elements encountered during navigation, their position along the route and the distance at which they are placed from each other. The mental representation of all these aspects requires the cooperation of episodic memory and working memory processes [ 1 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Even more important for the current study is that the functioning of brain areas and cognitive processes involved in routes representation is modulated by emotions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Stimuli Valence and Arousal on Spatio-Temporal Representation of a Route

2021

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This study assesses the influence of valence and arousal of element/landmarks along a route on the spatio-temporal representation of the route itself. Participants watched a movie of a virtual route containing landmarks with high arousal and positive (HP) or negative valence (HN), or landmarks with low arousal and positive (LP) or negative valence (LN). Afterwards, they had to (a) imagine walking distances between landmarks, (b) indicate the position of the landmarks along the route, (c) judge the spatial and temporal length of the route, and (d) draw the route. Results showed that the tasks were differentially influenced by the valence and arousal levels. Specifically, participants were more accurate in representing distances between positive, rather than negative, landmarks and in localizing positive high arousing landmarks. Moreover, the high arousing landmarks improved performance at the route drawing task. Finally, participants in the negative and low arousing conditions judged the route as being metrically and temporally longer than participants in positive and high arousing conditions. These results are interpreted in the light of theories about the effects of emotions on memory processes and the “feelings-as-information” theory. In brief, the results support the idea that representations of a route reflect a combination of cognitive and emotional processes.

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“…The selection of relevant landmarks is made with the resources of selective attention (Perry & Hodges, 1999). These relevant landmarks must then be associated with a given direction, a process underpinned by working memory, according to Gras, Daniel, Labiale, Piolino, and Gyselinck (2012). Then, the temporal order of these associations must be stored and retrieved.…”

Section: Cognitive Processes and Strategies Involved In Route Repetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elderly people have difficulty memorising the temporal order of landmarks (Head & Isom, 2010; Wilkniss, Jones, Korol, Gold, & Manning, 1997). The ability to associate landmarks with a direction is also weakened (Lipman, 1991; Liu, Levy, Barton, & Iaria, 2011; Zhong & Moffat, 2016), linked to a fragile working memory (Iachini, Poderico, Ruggiero, & Iavarone, 2005; Jonides et al, 2000), which underlies this associative process (Gras et al, 2012). However, the disappearance of these age‐related effects was observed when the learning of the route was repeated until memorised (O'Malley, Innes, & Wiener, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial navigation: Cognitive variables involved in route retracing among an elderly population

Jacob

Rainville

Trognon

et al. 2020

Applied Cognitive Psychology

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The cognitive processes involved in route retracing are not well known. This study aims to highlight them in an elderly population in which contradictory results have been obtained, certain studies showing specific difficulties for route retracing, others not. Thirty-nine elderly subjects performed a route-learning task (forward-backward) in a garden, then completed spatial knowledge tasks and standardised cognitive tests. Results show four factors that were predictive of route retracing performance: route repetition, the pointing task, and two standardised cognitive tests, one assessing spatial working memory, and another global cognitive efficiency. According to these results, route retracing involves route and survey knowledge (i.e., egocentric and allocentric strategy), and the integration of forward-backward perspectives is underpinned by the spatial working memory. Moreover, the subjects did not make more errors in route retracing than in the route repetition task, suggesting that a real environment could compensate for a failing allocentric strategy.

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Effect of aging on real route memorization: the role of working memory and episodic memory

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Spatial abilities across the adult life span.

Spatial abilities across the adult life span.

The Influence of Stimuli Valence and Arousal on Spatio-Temporal Representation of a Route

Spatial navigation: Cognitive variables involved in route retracing among an elderly population

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