Effect of Aging on Animal Response to Chronic Fluoride Exposure

Dunipace, Ann J.; Brizendine, Edward J.; Zhang, W.; Wilson, Marie; Miller, Lloyd; Katz, Barry P.; Warrick, J.M.; Stookey, George K.

doi:10.1177/00220345950740011201

Cited by 94 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This concentration produced IR in the rats (Menoyo et al 2008, Lupo et al 2011. Moreover, in previous works, it has been established that 15 mg/l of NaF for rats would be equivalent to 3 mg/l for humans because rats metabolize fluoride faster (Dunapice et al 1995). Consequently, the results found can be extrapolated to people consuming water with 3 mg/l or more of fluoride, which consequently produces an average intake of 5-10 mg/day.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Physical exercise ameliorates the toxic effect of fluoride on the insulin–glucose system

Lombarte¹,

Fina²,

Lupo³

et al. 2013

Journal of Endocrinology

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Daily intake of water with fluoride concentrations O1.5 mg/l produces insulin resistance (IR). On the other hand, physical activity increases insulin sensitivity in the muscle. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of physical activity on IR in rats treated with sodium fluoride (NaF) in drinking water. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups (nZ10/group): Control (drinking water without NaF), NaF (drinking water with NaF 15 mg/l for 30 days), and Exercise (daily running on a treadmill for 60 min at 2.25 m/min and drinking water with NaF 15 mg/l for 30 days). IR was evaluated with the homeostasis model assessment-IR (HOMA-IR) index using fasting plasma levels of glucose and insulin. IR increased in rats treated with 15 mg/l NaF in drinking water. A decrease in IR was observed in rats that performed physical activity and drank water with 15 mg/l NaF; the Exercise group also showed an increase in the amounts of bone fluoride. The variation in the HOMA-IR values could be the consequence of variation in the sensitivity of tissues to insulin or decrease in plasma fluoride levels due to bone fluoride intake. These findings indicate that the performance of daily physical activity could reduce the negative effects of the chronic ingestion of NaF on glucose homeostasis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Physical exercise ameliorates the toxic effect of fluoride on the insulin–glucose system

Lombarte¹,

Fina²,

Lupo³

et al. 2013

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Esses animais ainda exibiram maior concentração de F sérico em relação aos animais Controle. Dunipace et al (1995) também observaram um incremento e constância nas concentrações plasmáticas de F em ratos tratados com 5ppm F na água de beber, durante 18 meses. Possivelmente, o resultado sérico de F observado neste estudo, tenha ocorrido em função de que, segundo Whitford (1996), doses crônicas podem induzir ao aumento dos teores séricos e ao acúmulo de F nos ossos.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Samal & Naik (1992), observaram uma maior deposição óssea de F e uma menor excreção urinária em ovinos jovens em crescimento. No entanto, em estudos prévios com outras espécies, a percentagem excretada diariamente na urina foi de 50% (Whitford 1990,Dunipace 1995.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Neste experimento, a percentagem de F absorvido (F ingerido menos F fecal) pelos animais Tratados foi de 65% (da quantidade média total administrada de 22,4g de F/animal, em 150 dias de experimento, apenas 14,56g foi efetivamente absorvida). A excreção fecal de F verificada (35%) se assemelha ao resultado de 30% observado por Dunipace et al (1995) em ratos. Esses autores ainda observaram que o tempo de administração do F (três ou 18 meses), não interferiu na excreção fecal desse elemento.…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

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Metabolismo e distribuição do flúor em ovinos jovens tratados cronicamente com fluoreto de sódio

Filappi¹,

Prestes²,

Antes³

et al. 2008

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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RESUMO.-Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar o metabolismo do flúor (F) em ovinos. Para tanto, utilizaram-se 12 animais, com cinco meses de idade, os quais receberam como dieta base 3% do peso vivo de feno de alfafa e água ad libitum. Os animais foram divididos e constituí-ram um grupo Controle, que recebeu apenas sal iodado (5g de NaCl/animal + 0,2mg I/kg matéria seca) e, um grupo Tratado, que recebeu sal iodado adicionado de fluoreto de sódio (4,7mg F/kg de peso corporal). Esses sais foram administrados via sonda oro-esofágica, diariamente por um período de 150 dias. Para análise de F, coletaram-se amostras de sangue, urina e fezes e, ao fim do período experimental, após a eutanásia dos animais, coletou-se a glândula pineal e amostras de osso. Também nesta ocasião, coletou-se uma amostra de rim para exame histopatológico. Analisando-se os teores séricos, urinários e ós-seos de F, verificou-se que foram significativamente superiores nos animais Tratados em relação aos Controles. Quanto ao F contido na glândula pineal, não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos. Na análise histológica do rim, não foram observadas alterações. Conclui-se que a administração crônica de flúor induz ao acúmulo desse elemento nos ossos, mesmo havendo um alto teor de cálcio na alimentação e esse acúmulo parece não ser nocivo aos animais. Em ovinos, a capacidade orgânica de acúmulo ósseo e excreção urinária do flúor é diferente de outras espécies animais. The objective of the present study was to evaluate fluorine metabolism in growing lambs. Twelve 5-month-old male lambs maintained on alfalfa hay (3% BW) and nonfluorinated water ad libitum were used. Animals were allocated into Control, receiving 5g NaCl/animal/day + 0.2mg I/kg dry matter) and Treated group, receiving the same treatment plus sodium fluoride (4.7mg F/kg body weight). Mineral treatment was given by gavage, daily for 150 days. Blood, urine and fecal samples were collected during and the end of the experiment. At the end of treatment period animals were euthanized and kidney, pineal and bone samples were collected. Urine F was higher in treated animals throughout the experiment. Bone F levels were also increased in treated animals; pineal F content however, was not different between groups. Kidney histology revealed no differences. It is concluded that chronic F administration induces accumulation of the element in the skeleton. However such fact appears not to be detrimental to animals. Rates of F accumulation in bone and urine excretion obtained in other species can not be used in growing lambs.

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“…Studies have shown the changes of enzymes in various organs such as liver, kidneys and pancreas upon exposure to fluoride, but were unable to detect substantial changes in the heart, except for an alteration in potassium and calcium channels (Strunecka et al, 2007). The animals treated with 5 ppm of fluoride in the drinking water, which was correspondent to a dose of 1 ppm in the drinking water for the humans (Dunipace et al, 1995) did not present increases in fluoride concentrations in the organs or reduction of their weight. This confirmed the security of controlled water fluoridation (0.7-1.2 ppm).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Alkaline phosphatase activity in plasma and liver of rats submitted to chronic exposure to fluoride

Fernandes

Iano

Rocia

et al. 2011

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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The aim of this study was to compare the effect of fluoride (F) on alkaline phosphatase activity in the liver and plasma of the rats. Four groups of male Wistar rats (n=6), which received drinking water containing 5, 15 or 50 ppm F or deionized water (control) throughout the experiment were included in the study. The animals were euthanized and had their tissues and blood plasma collected for the analysis of fluoride and alkaline phosphatase. There was an increase in F concentration in most tissues in the animals treated with higher F concentrations, exceptfor the heart. The alkaline phosphatase assay showed an increase in the activity in the liver and blood plasma of the animals treated with fluoride concentrations of 15 and 50 ppm (p<0.05). This study suggested that F at a concentration of 50 ppm in drinking water promotes increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase in the liver and blood plasma.

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Effect of Aging on Animal Response to Chronic Fluoride Exposure

Cited by 94 publications

References 27 publications

Physical exercise ameliorates the toxic effect of fluoride on the insulin–glucose system

Physical exercise ameliorates the toxic effect of fluoride on the insulin–glucose system

Metabolismo e distribuição do flúor em ovinos jovens tratados cronicamente com fluoreto de sódio

Alkaline phosphatase activity in plasma and liver of rats submitted to chronic exposure to fluoride

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