Effect of aggressive prolonged diethylcarbamazine therapy on circulating antigen levels in bancroftian filariasis

Freedman, David O.; Plier, D. Adam; Almeida, Adriana B. de; Oliveira, Ana de; Miranda, Janaina; Braga, Cynthia

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3156.2001.00666.x

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…On the other hand, the test does not seem suitable for follow-up and evaluation of control programmes because a considerable number of infected individuals remain antigen positives for more than two years after DEC treatment 7,21 . Since the prevalence of filariasis tends to fall while applying the control measures, it becomes important to utilise tests with higher specificity and, consequently, higher positive predictive value.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field evaluation of the whole blood immunochromatographic test for rapid bancroftian filariasis diagnosis in the northeast of Brazil

Braga

Dourado

Ximenes

et al. 2003

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYThis study evaluated the whole blood immunochromatographic card test (ICT card test) in a survey performed in Northeastern Brazil. 625 people were examined by the thick blood film (TBF) and ICT card test. Residents of a non-endemic area were also tested by the whole blood card test and Og4C3. The sensitivity of the ICT card test was 94.7% overall, but lower in females than males, based on the reasonable assumption that TBF is 100% specific. However, since TBF and other methods have unknown sensitivity, the true specificity of the card test is unknown. Nevertheless, it is possible to estimate upper and lower limits for the specificity, and relate it to the prevalence of the disease. In the endemic area, the possible range of the specificity was from 72.4% to 100%. 29.6% of the card tests performed in the non-endemic area exhibited faint lines that were interpreted as positives.Characteristics of the method including high sensitivity, promptness and simplicity justify its use for screening of filariasis. However, detailed information about the correct interpretation in case of extremely faint lines is essential. Further studies designed to consider problems arising from imperfect standards are necessary, as is a sounder diagnostic definition for the card test.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field evaluation of the whole blood immunochromatographic test for rapid bancroftian filariasis diagnosis in the northeast of Brazil

Braga

Dourado

Ximenes

et al. 2003

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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“…[23][24][25] Antigen levels were monitored between 1994 and 1997 in residents of two treatment units (Table 2). Fewer than 20 percent of subjects who were antigen-positive before the trial began were antigen-negative one year after the third annual treatment, though mean antigen levels decreased by 79 percent.…”

Section: Effect On Filarial Antigen Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Treatment to Eliminate Filariasis in Papua New Guinea

et al. 2002

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“…Although the parasitological methods are 100% specifi c, they lose their usefulness after the initiation of MDA due to the potent microfi laricide effect of the antifi larial drugs, which yield a dramatic decrease in microfi laremia 16,44 . However, studies have shown that patients can remain infected with detectable levels of antigenemia even after several courses of treatment 16,24,45,46 . These issues limit the use of the antigen-based tests, such as the AD-12 and Og4C3 tests, in the assessment of treatment effectiveness, both at the individual and population levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This test detects CFA using a monoclonal antibody against antigens of the bovine parasite Onchocerca gibsoni, which has no known cross-reactivity with other human helminthes. The test provides quantitative results that enable the observation of variations in antigenemia levels after treatment [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] .…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of diagnostic tests for Wuchereria bancrofti infection in Brazilian schoolchildren

Oliveira

Braga

Alexander

et al. 2014

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Introduction:Since the launch of the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis, more than 70% of the endemic countries have implemented mass drug administration (MDA) to interrupt disease transmission. The monitoring of fi larial infection in sentinel populations, particularly schoolchildren, is recommended to assess the impact of MDA. A key issue is choosing the appropriate tools for these initial assessments (to defi ne the best intervention) and for monitoring transmission. Methods: This study compared the pre-MDA performance of fi ve diagnostic methods, namely, thick fi lm test, Knott's technique, fi ltration, Og4C3-ELISA, and the AD12-ICT card test, in schoolchildren from Brazil. Venous and capillary blood samples were collected between 11 pm and 1 am. The microfi larial loads were analyzed with a negative binomial regression, and the prevalence and associated 95% confi dence intervals were estimated for all methods. The accuracies of the AD12-ICT card and Og4C3-ELISA tests were assessed against the combination of parasitological test results. Results: A total of 805 schoolchildren were examined. The overall and stratifi ed prevalence by age group and gender detected by Og4C3-ELISA and AD12-ICT were markedly higher than the prevalence estimated by the parasitological methods. The sensitivity of the AD12-ICT card and Og4C3-ELISA tests was approximately 100%, and the positive likelihood ratios were above 6. The specifi city of the Og4C3-ELISA was higher than that of the AD12-ICT at different prevalence levels. Conclusions: The ICT card test should be the recommended tool for monitoring school-age populations living in areas with ongoing or completed MDA.

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Effect of aggressive prolonged diethylcarbamazine therapy on circulating antigen levels in bancroftian filariasis

Cited by 27 publications

References 10 publications

Field evaluation of the whole blood immunochromatographic test for rapid bancroftian filariasis diagnosis in the northeast of Brazil

Field evaluation of the whole blood immunochromatographic test for rapid bancroftian filariasis diagnosis in the northeast of Brazil

Mass Treatment to Eliminate Filariasis in Papua New Guinea

Evaluation of diagnostic tests for Wuchereria bancrofti infection in Brazilian schoolchildren

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