Effect of Age on the Auto-catalytic Ethylene Production and the Expression of Ethylene Biosynthetic Gene Dc-ACS1 in Petals of Long-life Carnations

Abstract

We studied the effect of aging after the full-open stage on auto-catalytic ethylene production and the expression of genes for ethylene biosynthesis and signaling pathway following exogenous ethylene treatment in long-life carnation flowers (Miracle Rouge [MR] and Miracle Symphony [MS]). As exogenous ethylene treatment time increased, auto-catalytic ethylene production increased in the petals of the control flower (White Sim), MR and MS, on Day 0 and 3, but it increased only slightly in the MR and MS flowers on Day 15. The levels of ethylene biosynthesis pathway gene Dc-ACS1 in MR petals on Day 15 following 20 h exogenous ethylene treatment were around 1/10 of those on Day 3. In MS on Day 15, the levels were around 1/5 of those on Day 3. The levels of another ethylene biosynthesis pathway gene, Dc-ACO1, did not differ on both Day 3 and 15 in MR and MS. Levels of ethylene signaling pathway gene Dc-EIL4 on Day 3 were higher than those on Day 15 at corresponding times. These results indicated that aging may affect the expression of Dc-ACS1 and Dc-EIL4, but not the expression of Dc-ACO1, ethylene receptors, and Dc-EIL1/2, 3.

A natural frameshift mutation in Campanula EIL2 correlates with ethylene insensitivity in flowers

“…A similar correlation between flower age and ethylene sensitivity has been observed in Pelargonium peltatum [ 33 ]. This age dependent increase in sensitivity may also be connected to pollination as some plant species induce flower senescence upon pollination [ 34 – 36 ].…”

Regulation of Ethylene- and Senescence-related Genes in Pot Carnation Flowers during Flower Senescence

“…These cultivars were grown according to the methods in the previous study (Onozaki et al, 2009) in the greenhouse at NIFS in , and 2011er harvest started at the beginning of March, and finished in the middle of May. Flowers were harvested when they began to open (when the outer petals were held at right angles to the stem, defined as day 0).…”

“…We used quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis to determine the expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes (DcACS1, DcACO1), SR genes (DcCP1, DcbGal, DcGST1), a DcCP1 inhibitor gene (DcCPIn), ER genes (DcETR1, DcERS1, DcERS2), and EIL genes (DcEIL1/2, DcEIL3, DcEIL4) in carnation flowers as described previously (Tanase et al, 2008(Tanase et al, , 2011(Tanase et al, , 2013. Gynoecium and petals were sampled on days 0, 3, and 5 in 'Ariel' and 'Orange Duo', on days 0, 3, and 6 in 'Lemon Soft', and on days 0, 3, 6, and 11 in 'Polaris'.…”