Effect of age on cerebral blood flow: measurement with ungated two-dimensional phase-contrast MR angiography in 250 adults.

Buijs, Pieter C.; Krabbe-Hartkamp, M. J.; Bakker, C. J. G.; Lange, Eduard E. de; Ramos, L. M. P.; Breteler, Monique M.B.; Mali, Willem P.Th.M.

doi:10.1148/radiology.209.3.9844657

Cited by 200 publications

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“…Importantly, the current data are consistent with others that have reported agerelated differences in MCA V mean (Buijs et al 1998;Ainslie et al 2008), and the progressive decline in CBF from the age of 30 to 70 years has been confirmed repeatedly using a variety of imaging techniques (Kashimada et al 1994(Kashimada et al , 1995Buijs et al 1998;Scheel et al 2000;Beason-Held et al 2007;Stoquart-ElSankari et al 2007). …”

Section: Methodological Considerationssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…CBF during mild-to-moderate intensity exercise: influence of age Despite no disturbances to total cerebral oxygen consumption with healthy aging, there is a progressive decline in CBF (approximately 28-50%) from 30 to 70 years of age (Yam et al 2005;Ainslie et al 2008;Fisher et al 2008;Ogoh and Ainslie 2009) that is associated with global cerebral atrophy Buijs et al 1998). In contrast to healthy YA, as mentioned, only two studies (Fisher et al 2008;Heckmann et al 2003) have examined CBF in middle-aged OA during mild-to-moderate exercise.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, if CBF was further blunted or abolished during exercise in OA, this may conceivably lead to a vicious cycle of reduced cerebral perfusion, cerebral atrophy and metabolic demand. Thus, despite the progression of cerebral atrophy with healthy aging (Buijs et al 1998;Ainslie et al 2008), the capability of CBF to meet the metabolic demands imposed during moderate-to-high intensity exercise is maintained with aging. How these responses may be hindered with pathologies such as cognitive impairment or mild Alzheimer disease would be a noteworthy future question.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such declines are caused by global cerebral atrophy without any disturbance in cerebral oxygen consumption Buijs et al 1998). However, in contrast to studies in young healthy subjects, the CBF response to exercise in older adults (OA) remains unclear.…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

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Aging blunts hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia and reduction in cerebral blood flow velocity during maximal exercise

Marsden

Haykowsky

Smirl

et al. 2011

AGE

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Cerebral blood flow (CBF) increases from rest to ∼60% of peak oxygen uptake (VO 2peak ) and thereafter decreases towards baseline due to hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia and subsequent cerebral vasoconstriction. It is unknown what happens to CBF in older adults (OA), who experience a decline in CBF at rest coupled with a blunted ventilatory response during VO 2peak . In 14 OA (71±10 year) and 21 young controls (YA; 23±4 years), we hypothesized that OA would experience less hyperventilationinduced cerebral vasoconstriction and therefore an attenuated reduction in CBF at VO 2peak . Incremental exercise was performed on a cycle ergometer, whilst bilateral middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (MCA V mean ; transcranial Doppler ultrasound), heart rate (HR; ECG) and end-tidal PCO 2 (P ET CO 2 ) were monitored continuously. Blood pressure (BP) was monitored intermittently. From rest to 50% of VO 2peak , despite greater elevations in BP in OA, the change in MCA V mean was greater in YA compared to OA (28% vs. 15%, respectively; P<0.0005). In the YA, at intensities >70% of VO 2peak , the hyperventilationinduced declines in both P ET CO 2 (14 mmHg (YA) vs. 4 mmHg (OA); P<0.05) and MCA V mean (−21% (YA) vs. −7% (OA); P<0.0005) were greater in YA compared to OA. Our findings show (1), from rest-tomild intensity exercise (50% VO 2peak ), elevations in CBF are reduced in OA and (2) age-related declines in hyperventilation during maximal exercise result in less hypocapnic-induced cerebral vasoconstriction.

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Section: Methodological Considerationssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 94%

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Aging blunts hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia and reduction in cerebral blood flow velocity during maximal exercise

Marsden

Haykowsky

Smirl

et al. 2011

AGE

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“…These results are consistent with previous findings of age-related decline in brain perfusion measured with positron emission tomography or phase-contrast MRA. 5,22 Engagement in physical activity or aerobic exercise training may ameliorate age-related reduction in brain perfusion. 21,23 A recent study showed that CBFV was elevated in the physically fit individuals over a lifespan from 18-79 years.…”

Section: Effects Of Age and Exercise On Basal Cerebral Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Vasomotor Reactivity during Hypo- and Hypercapnia in Sedentary Elderly and Masters Athletes

Zhu

Tarumi

Tseng

et al. 2013

J Cereb Blood Flow Metab

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Physical activity may influence cerebrovascular function. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of life-long aerobic exercise training on cerebral vasomotor reactivity (CVMR) to changes in end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2) in older adults. Eleven sedentary young (SY, 27 ± 5 years), 10 sedentary elderly (SE, 72 ± 4 years), and 11 Masters athletes (MA, 72 ± 6 years) underwent the measurements of cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV), arterial blood pressure, and EtCO2 during hypocapnic hyperventilation and hypercapnic rebreathing. Baseline CBFV was lower in SE and MA than in SY while no difference was observed between SE and MA. During hypocapnia, CVMR was lower in SE and MA compared with SY (1.87 ± 0.42 and 1.47 ± 0.21 vs. 2.18 ± 0.28 CBFV%/mm Hg, Po0.05) while being lowest in MA among all groups (Po0.05). In response to hypercapnia, SE and MA exhibited greater CVMR than SY (6.00 ± 0.94 and 6.67 ± 1.09 vs. 3.70 ± 1.08 CBFV1%/mm Hg, Po0.05) while no difference was observed between SE and MA. A negative linear correlation between hypo-and hypercapnic CVMR (R 2 ¼ 0.37, Po0.001) was observed across all groups. Advanced age was associated with lower resting CBFV and lower hypocapnic but greater hypercapnic CVMR. However, life-long aerobic exercise training appears to have minimal effects on these age-related differences in cerebral hemodynamics.

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Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Angiography (PC MRA) and Flow Analysis: Clinical Applications

Vilela¹

2013

Vascular Imaging of the Central Nervous System

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Effect of age on cerebral blood flow: measurement with ungated two-dimensional phase-contrast MR angiography in 250 adults.

Abstract: Ungated two-dimensional phase-contrast MR angiography is a useful, noninvasive technique for assessing total CBF. By using this technique, a significant decrease in total CBF with age was demonstrated.

Cited by 200 publications

References 0 publications

Aging blunts hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia and reduction in cerebral blood flow velocity during maximal exercise

Aging blunts hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia and reduction in cerebral blood flow velocity during maximal exercise

Cerebral Vasomotor Reactivity during Hypo- and Hypercapnia in Sedentary Elderly and Masters Athletes

Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Angiography (PC MRA) and Flow Analysis: Clinical Applications

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