Effect of Age on Brachial Artery Wall Properties Differs From the Aorta and Is Gender Dependent

Heijden-Spek, Janneke J. van der; Staessen, Jan A.; Fagard, Robert; Hoeks, Arnold P.G.; Boudier, Harry A. Struijker; Bortel, Luc M. Van

doi:10.1161/01.hyp.35.2.637

Cited by 347 publications

(230 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…8,19 This technique gives a reliable index of the regional AoStiff, 28,29 but represents only an estimate of the local AoStiff because it is a summation of the individual biomechanical properties of different arterial walls (that is, carotid, aorta, iliac and femoral arteries) located between the two recording sites. 30,31 Our data showed that IWV measurements are highly correlated with the carotid-femoral PWV, indicating that IWV also provides a reliable estimate of the regional AoStiff (see Figures 3 and 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Assessment of aortic stiffness by local and regional methods

et al. 2011

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The stiffness of large arteries has an important role in cardiovascular hemodynamics. Aortic stiffness (AoStiff) can be assessed non-invasively with regional and local methods. In this paper, we compared these two techniques for evaluating AoStiff. Our subjects comprised of 118 consecutive patients (85 men, mean age: 49 ± 14 years). We evaluated regional AoStiff with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) measured with a tonometric technique and by bioelectrical impedance (BI) wave velocity (IWV). The local AoStiff was calculated from BI signals recorded at the chest. We used glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) to test the effect of peripheral vasodilatation on both methods in a subgroup of 52 patients (37 men, mean age: 52 ± 11 years). We found a significant correlation between IWV and PWV measurements (r¼0.88, Po0.0001) as well as between AoStiff and PWV measurements (r¼0.75, Po0.0001). GTN administration decreased mean arterial blood pressure by 4% (95% confidence interval: 2-8%, P¼0.002) without significant changes in AoStiff and regional IWV. Local AoStiff is correlated with regional measurements and is not influenced by changes in arterial pressure because of systemic peripheral vasodilatation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Assessment of aortic stiffness by local and regional methods

et al. 2011

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“…This is important, because there are marked differences between muscular and elastic arteries with respect to aging and the association between stiffness and cardiovascular risk. 5,19 Muscular arteries show little increase in stiffness with age in contrast to elastic arteries. 20 Age-related stiffening of elastic arteries, particularly the aorta, is accelerated in the presence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Inhibition of Basal Nitric Oxide Synthesis on Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity and Augmentation Index in Humans

et al. 2003

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Abstract-Aortic stiffness, as measured by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), is a powerful, independent predictor of vascular risk. PWV in muscular arteries is influenced by basal nitric oxide (NO) release. It is not known whether NO also influences carotid-femoral PWV. We examined the effects of an NO synthase inhibitor, N G -monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), on carotid-femoral PWV and aortic augmentation index (AIx, an indirect measure of arterial stiffness). To control for effects of L-NMMA on distending pressure, we used doses of norepinephrine and dobutamine that caused similar changes in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP). Healthy men (32 to 48 years old, nϭ8) were studied on 4 occasions and received, in random order, vehicle, L-NMMA (3 mg · kg Ϫ1 by intravenous bolus followed by 3 mg · kg), and dobutamine (2.5 to 10 g · kg Ϫ1 · min Ϫ1), each for 30 minutes. PWV and AIx were measured by carotid-femoral PWV and radial tonometry, respectively. L-NMMA and norepinephrine increased MAP by 7.8Ϯ1.7 and 9.7Ϯ2.1 mm Hg, respectively (each PϽ0.05 vs vehicle) and increased PWV by 0.7Ϯ0.2 and 1.0Ϯ0.3 m · s Ϫ1 (each PϽ0.01 vs vehicle). Dobutamine, at doses that produced a similar increase in MAP (9.6Ϯ2.9 mm Hg), increased PWV by 0.8Ϯ0.2 m · s Ϫ1 (PϽ0.01 vs vehicle). Changes in PWV caused by the 3 pressor agents were closely correlated with changes in MAP (RϾ0.99, PϽ0.0001). L-NMMA and norepinephrine increased AIx, but dobutamine decreased AIx (PϽ0.01 vs norepinephrine and L-NMMA). Effects of inhibition of basal NO release on carotid-femoral PWV can be explained by the change in MAP that this causes rather than any specific effect of NO inhibition within the aorta. Key Words: aorta Ⅲ elasticity Ⅲ endothelium Ⅲ nitric oxide Ⅲ nitric oxide synthase C arotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), a measure of aortic stiffness, 1 is a powerful, independent predictor of cardiovascular events and mortality. 2-4 Aortic stiffening increases peak systolic pressure at the aortic root as a result of diminished systemic compliance and early return of pressure waves reflected from the periphery. 5,6 This provides a possible mechanism for the increased event rate and mortality associated with aortic stiffening. In addition, carotid-femoral PWV might serve as an integrated measure of the impact of cardiovascular risk factors on age-related changes in aortic structure. 4,7,8 In muscular arteries, stiffness is influenced by mean arterial blood pressure (MAP, a determinant of transmural distending pressure) and by the tone of arterial smooth muscle (which influences the elastic properties of the arterial wall). In the ovine iliac artery, basal release of nitric oxide (NO) contributes to the functional regulation of stiffness. 9 The human aorta is rich in elastin, and with advancing age, increasing relative amounts of collagen, but it also contain vascular smooth muscle, especially in the abdomen. 10 The extent to which aortic stiffness is influenced by vascular tone and in particular, by basal NO, has not previously been examined in the...

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“…We invited the subjects enrolled in our longitudinal study 4 for an extensive evaluation of the structural and functional properties of their large arteries. 5 We report in this article our findings with regard to menopause.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Menopause and the characteristics of the large arteries in a population study

et al. 2001

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In previous cross-sectional and longitudinal population studies, we found that the slope of systolic pressure on age was steeper in postmenopausal than in premenopausal women. We hypothesised that this observation could be due to a specific effect of menopause on the elasticity of the large arteries. We investigated 315 randomly selected women, aged 30 to 70 years. Based on 5.2 years of follow-up, 166 women were premenopausal and 149 menopausal (44 reaching menopause and 105 postmenopausal). These women were matched on age and body mass index with 315 men. We used a walltracking ultrasound system to measure the diameter, compliance and distensibility of the brachial and the common carotid and femoral arteries as well as carotidfemoral pulse wave velocity. Pulse pressure was determined from 24-h blood pressure recordings. Both in menopausal women (r = 0.37; P Ͻ 0.001) and in matching male controls (r = 0.16; P = 0.04), pulse pressure widened with increasing age. The slope of the 24-h pulse pressure on age was steeper in menopausal

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Effect of Age on Brachial Artery Wall Properties Differs From the Aorta and Is Gender Dependent

Cited by 347 publications

References 37 publications

Assessment of aortic stiffness by local and regional methods

Assessment of aortic stiffness by local and regional methods

Effects of Inhibition of Basal Nitric Oxide Synthesis on Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity and Augmentation Index in Humans

Menopause and the characteristics of the large arteries in a population study

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