Effect of age and level of education on neurocognitive impairment in HIV positive Zambian adults.

Kabuba, Norma; Menon, Anitha; Franklin, Donald; Lydersen, Stian; Heaton, Robert K.; Hestad, Knut

doi:10.1037/neu0000438

Cited by 22 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(118 reference statements)

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“…NCI in older age could be due to the normal process of aging and more attention is needed for this older population. The association of NCI with education in this setting remained statistically significant after adjustment and this is in line with a recent study in sub-Saharan Africa [45]. Attention and memory were the most impaired domains.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Neurocognitive impairment in treatment-experienced adults living with HIV attending primary care clinics in Zimbabwe

et al. 2020

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Background: HIV affects the central nervous system resulting in HIV associated neurocognitive impairment (NCI) in approximately 50% of people living with HIV. It typically affects memory, learning, working memory, fine motor skills, speed of information processing, verbal fluency and executive functioning cognitive domains. NCI can affect adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART), employability, driving ability and activities of daily living. NCI is not routinely screened for in Zimbabwe, and the burden is not known in this setting. The objectives of this study were: 1) To determine NCI prevalence using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery at two primary health care clinics in Harare; 2) To assess the pattern of cognitive impairment across cognitive domains using a gold standard neuropsychological (NP) battery in HIV-positive patients compared to HIV-negative controls. Methods: Inclusion criteria: 18 years or older; minimum 7 years education; no neurological or psychiatric disorders. HIV-positive participants were on ART for ≥3 months; HIV-negative participants had a confirmed HIV negative status in the past month. A comprehensive NP battery, functional assessments, demographic and medical history questionnaires were administered. The NP battery consisted of tests assessing memory, learning, working memory, fine motor skills, speed of information processing, verbal fluency and executive functioning. Results: Two-hundred-and-thirty-one participants were recruited. Of those, 155 were HIV-positive (Female = 70%, Age M = 37.8; SD 11.2) and 76 HIV-negative (Female = 63%, Age M = 31.2; SD 9.9). HIV-positive participants were on ART for an average of 6 years. NCI was present in 49.7% HIV positive participants. Compared to HIV-negative participants, the HIV-positive group had significantly poorer scores in 5 out of 7 cognitive domains. A good level of education is negatively correlated with NCI. Conclusions: NCI prevalence in HIV-positive population Zimbabwe is consistent with global estimates. NCI persists in adults who are on ART. Routine assessment of NCI in adults attending primary care clinics using this adapted battery is therefore important so that they are identified early and are provided the necessary interventions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Neurocognitive impairment in treatment-experienced adults living with HIV attending primary care clinics in Zimbabwe

et al. 2020

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“…In the symptomatic group, since hemophilic arthropathy and presence of a history of cerebrovascular disorder were identified as risk factors for neurocognitive dysfunction, lifestyle review and regular administration of blood products are also important, and medical staff/supporters are required to manage these patients. In contrast, educational level (university or higher) was an associated protective factor in the NDHH group in this study, and it has been reported that higher education has a protective effect against neurocognitive impairments even for HIV-infected patients [30]. In the future, nurturing professionals who can provide support for these associated factors as rapidly as possible and prepare an appropriate medical environment for neurocognitive dysfunction are required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Neurocognitive dysfunction and brain FDG-PET/CT findings in HIV-infected hemophilia patients and HIV-infected non-hemophilia patients

et al. 2020

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This single-institution cross-sectional study aimed to grasp the prevalence and features of neurocognitive dysfunction in HIV-infected hemophilia patients in Japan. We conducted neuropsychological tests and medical examinations in 56 HIV-infected hemophilia patients who received outpatient treatment at the AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine. A total of 388 HIV-infected non-hemophilia patients who received outpatient treatment at the same institution were included as a control group. To investigate sites responsible for neurocognitive dysfunction in HIV-infected hemophilia patients using brain FDG-PET/CT scans, the accumulation of FDG in each brain region was compared. Approximately 50% of HIV-infected hemophilia patients had neurocognitive dysfunction. The prevalence of asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment was high (34%). Neurocognitive dysfunction was associated with educational level in HIV-infected hemophilia patients. In the symptomatic group, hemophilic arthropathy and history of cerebrovascular disorders were associated with neurocognitive dysfunction. Left temporal lobe function was reduced in the symptomatic group.

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“…A study by Kathy et al in 2010 found that education level significantly affected cognitive functions in HIV patients (Lawler et al 2010). A study by Kabuba et al (2018) found that higher education was protective against the occurrence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between High Sensitivity-C Reactive Protein Level and Impaired Cognitive Function in HIV Patients

Kurniawati¹,

Sugianto²

2021

FMI

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection was one of the most serious health challenges in the world. The Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia reports the number of HIV cases in Indonesia as of June 2019 as many as 349,882. At present, although antiretroviral combination therapy has been found, the prevalence of neurocognitive disorders in the form of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) reaches 50% of HIV patients. This study aimed to determine the relationship between high sensitivity-C Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) level and cognitive impairment assessed using MoCA-INA score in HIV patients at the UPIPI Dr. Soetomo Academic Hospital Surabaya. This cross-sectional study used consecutive sampling that fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. The cognitive function of the subjects was examined by MoCA-INA score and blood samples were collected for measuring hs-CRP level. Of 100 subjects, 41 had abnormal MoCA-INA score and 59 had normal score. The number of subjects with high level of hs-CRP (>= 5) who had abnormal and normal MoCA-INA score were 22 (53,7%) and 6 (10,2%) respectively. This result was significantly difference with p = 0,0001, RO = 28,072 (95% CI, 5,470-144,052). Therefore, there was a significant relationship between hs-CRP level and cognitive function, where a subject with a high hs-CRP level was more likely to have impaired cognitive function.

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Effect of age and level of education on neurocognitive impairment in HIV positive Zambian adults.

Abstract: The present study raises the need to investigate factors that could be implicated in the poor neurocognitive performance among the younger, less educated HIV+ individuals in Zambia. (PsycINFO Database Record

Cited by 22 publications

References 62 publications

Neurocognitive impairment in treatment-experienced adults living with HIV attending primary care clinics in Zimbabwe

Neurocognitive impairment in treatment-experienced adults living with HIV attending primary care clinics in Zimbabwe

Neurocognitive dysfunction and brain FDG-PET/CT findings in HIV-infected hemophilia patients and HIV-infected non-hemophilia patients

Relationship between High Sensitivity-C Reactive Protein Level and Impaired Cognitive Function in HIV Patients

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