Effect of Agaricus bisporus Polysaccharides (ABPs) on anti-CCV immune response of channel catfish

Kaempferol is a novel antiviral agent against channel catfish virus infection through blocking viral attachment and penetration in vitro

“…Herein, it is in urgent need of effective prophylactic or therapeutic measures against CCV infection making up for the lack of treatment. In recent years, specifically in the past decade, some studies explored the anti-CCV effects by improving immune response and regulating inflammation ( 40 ). Additionally, our previous studies have demonstrated that acyclovir, an acyclic analog of guanosine, exhibits effective anti-CCV activity in vivo ( 33 ).…”

“…For anti-attachment assay, the CCO cells were pre-cooled at 4°C for 30 min, and then were treated with kaempferol (15 μg/mL) or left untreated for 2 h at 4°C. Then, the cells were infected with CCV at 4°C for 1 h and incubated at 28°C for 24 h. For penetration assay, the CCO cells were prechilled at 4°C, and then infected with CCV at 4°C for 1 h. After triple washing with pre-cooled PBS, the cells were treated with kaempferol (15 μg/mL) or medium at 28°C for 4 h. The compound dilutions were aspirated, the cells were rinsed with citrate buffer (pH 3.0) to inactivate and remove not penetrated virus and incubated at 28°C for 24 h. regulating inflammation (40). Additionally, our previous studies have demonstrated that acyclovir, an acyclic analog of guanosine, exhibits effective anti-CCV activity in vivo (33).…”