Effect of Adverse Drug Reactions on the Length of Hospitalization

Spino, Michael; Em, Sellers; Hl, Kaplan

doi:10.1093/ajhp/35.9.1060

Cited by 4 publications

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“…[ 16 33 ] Use of higher doses has implications for safety, with a tendency to cause dose-dependent side effects and adverse drug reactions. [ 16 22 23 ] Conversely, use of insufficient doses than the recommended could lead to the development of bacterial resistance, poor therapeutic response, and treatment failure. These may also ultimately lead to decision to change antibiotics, thereby adding more costs and prolongation of treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Irrational prescribing may lead to ineffective and/or harmful treatment, elongation of duration of illness, and increased costs. [ 20 21 22 23 ] Major determinants of prescribing habits include influence of mentors and pharmaceutical sales representatives and patient peculiarities. [ 24 25 26 ] In teaching hospitals, trainees often exhibit prescribing habits reflecting the influence of senior colleagues, whom they consistently emulate in a didactic tradition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prescribing pattern and antibiotic use for hospitalized children in a Northern Nigerian Teaching Hospital

et al. 2018

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Background:Assessment of patterns of drug to detect performance problems and compliance with standards facilitates objective comparisons and impact evaluation. Children are at higher risk of consequences of irrational prescribing and antibiotic misuse.Objective:The objective of the study was to evaluate the prescribing pattern and utilization of antibiotics for children using standard prescribing indicators and indices of rational drug prescribing.Materials and Methods:This was a retrospective study of prescriptions for pediatric inpatients at a teaching hospital in Northern Nigeria. Information was obtained from eligible prescriptions received over 24-month period using a modified WHO prescribing indicator form. The WHO prescribing indicators and the Index of Rational Drug Prescribing (IRDP) were used to evaluate prescriptions. Data were analyzed and presented as proportions, means, tables, and charts, comparing with WHO standards and with findings of similar studies.Results:There were 3908 eligible prescription orders, with a mean patient age of 3.1 (±2.7) years. With an average of 2.1 drugs per prescription, 66.8% were written with generic names, whereas a single antibiotic was included among 63% of prescriptions with antibiotics. Antibiotics and injections were contained in 49.5% and 67.7% of prescriptions, respectively. Medications were available in the Essential Medicines List in 95.5% of cases. The IRDP obtained is 2.99, against a standard of 5. Aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, and penicillins were the most common choices, whereas ampicillin/cloxacillin was the most common combination.Conclusion:Drug prescribing and antibiotic use were generally inappropriate compared with ideal standards. Continuous training/retraining on rational drug use, periodic monitoring, and use of treatment protocols in tertiary hospitals are recommended.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prescribing pattern and antibiotic use for hospitalized children in a Northern Nigerian Teaching Hospital

et al. 2018

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Adverse Drug Reactions in a Cardiology Department

Vargas¹,

García-Arenillas²,

Laredo³

et al. 1996

Clinical Drug Investigation

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Effect of Adverse Drug Reactions on Length of Stay in Intensive Care Units

Vargas

Simón

Martin

et al. 1998

Clinical Drug Investigation

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The objective of the present study was to determine the frequency of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in intensive care units (ICUs) and to evaluate their effect on the length of stay. We performed a prospective study to detect ADRs in 420 patients hospitalised in 10 predetermined beds in the ICU of our hospital between the months of March and December 1996. While the patients were staying in the ICU, data was gathered regarding suspected ADRs and on different variables related to the length of stay. 96 different ADRs were detected in 85 of the 420 patients seen [20.2%, 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) 16.5 to 24.4]. The ADRs were most frequently caused by the following drugs: nitrates (n = 25), opiates (n = 21) and ultrashort-acting benzodiazepines (n = 10). Eight ADRs were severe, the suspected medication had to be discontinued in 51 cases and new drugs were necessary to manage the ADRs in 73 cases. The crude estimation of the effect of the number of ADRs performed with a bivariant regression model indicated that each ADR was related to a 2.38-day increase (95% CI 1.31 to 3.45) in the length of stay. Although this estimation was reduced to 1.76 days (95% CI 0.72 to 2.79), when other confounding variables associated with the length of stay were considered, it was still important.In conclusion, the ADRs were a significant clinical problem in the ICUs and were responsible for a significant increase in the length of stay.

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Effect of Adverse Drug Reactions on the Length of Hospitalization

Cited by 4 publications

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Prescribing pattern and antibiotic use for hospitalized children in a Northern Nigerian Teaching Hospital

Prescribing pattern and antibiotic use for hospitalized children in a Northern Nigerian Teaching Hospital

Adverse Drug Reactions in a Cardiology Department

Effect of Adverse Drug Reactions on Length of Stay in Intensive Care Units

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