Effect of additives on fuel properties and emission characteristics of micromulsion biofuels from palm oil

Attaphong, Chodchanok; Lumyong, Pichit; Wichadee, Sasiwimon; Khaodhiar, Sutha; Sarikprueck, Piampoom; Sabatini, David A.

doi:10.1109/eeeic.2017.7977461

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The density of the selected biofuels is measured using ASTM D 1298 test methods. It was calculated by Equation ();

ρ = m / V

where ρ is the biofuel density (g/cm 3 ), m is the mass (g), and V is the volume of the biofuel sample (cm 3 ) (Attaphong et al 2017a, 2017b).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where ρ is the biofuel density (g/cm 3 ), m is the mass (g), and V is the volume of the biofuel sample (cm 3 ) (Attaphong et al 2017a(Attaphong et al , 2017b.…”

Section: Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cloud point (CP) and the pour point (PP) are defined as the temperature at which a cloudy appearance is observed and the lowest temperature at which solution movement under certain condition is observed, respectively. The cloud point of the selected biofuels was tested (ASTM D 2500) by cooling at 1 C intervals and the pour points (ASTM D 97) was tested by cooling at 3 C intervals in the cooling bath (Attaphong et al 2017a(Attaphong et al , 2017b(Attaphong et al , 2016.…”

Section: Cold Flow Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where υ is the kinematic viscosity (mm 2 /s), Κ τ is the viscosity constant (mm 2 /s 2 ) at 40 C calculated and described in manufacture manual, and T is the efflux time (s) of the sample (Attaphong et al 2017a(Attaphong et al , 2017b.…”

Section: Kinematic Viscositymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A crucible filled with the sample was placed inside the calorimeter for testing. The temperature increase of the water bath surrounding the bomb calorimeter was measured to calculate the heat of combustion (Attaphong et al 2017a(Attaphong et al , 2017bCharoensaeng et al 2018).…”

Section: Kinematic Viscositymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase stability, fuel properties, and diesel engine performance of palm‐oil‐based microemulsion biofuels

Attaphong

Morawan

Sarikprueck

et al. 2023

J Surfact & Detergents

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Microemulsification and blending are two viscosity‐modifying techniques of vegetable oils for direct use with diesel engine. In this study, alcohol blends are mixtures of ethanol, diesel, and palm‐oil biodiesel while microemulsion biofuels are thermodynamically stable, clear, and single‐phase mixtures of diesel, palm oil, and ethanol stabilized by surfactants and cosurfactants. Although there are many studies on biofuels lately, there is limited research on using biodiesel as a surfactant in microemulsion formulations and applied on engine performance at different engine loads. Therefore, the objectives are to investigate phase stability and fuel properties of formulated biofuels (various blends and microemulsions), to determine the engine performance at different engine loads (no load, and from 0.5 to 2.0 kW), and to estimate laboratory‐scale cost of the selected biofuels compared to diesel and biodiesel. The results showed that phase stability and fuel properties of selected microemulsion biofuels are comparable to diesel and biodiesel. These microemulsion biofuels can be applied to the diesel engine at different loads while diesel‐ethanol blends and palm‐oil‐biodiesel‐ethanol blends cannot be. It was found that the energy efficiencies of the system using microemulsion biofuels were slightly lower than the average energy efficiency of diesel engine. From this study, it can be summarized that microemulsion biofuels can be formulated using palm‐oil biodiesel (palm‐oil methyl ester) as a bio‐based surfactant and they can be considered as environmentally‐friendly alternatives to diesel and biodiesel. However, cost considerations showed that the raw materials should be locally available to reduce additional costs of microemulsion biofuels.

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“…The density of the selected biofuels is measured using ASTM D 1298 test methods. It was calculated by Equation ();

ρ = m / V

where ρ is the biofuel density (g/cm 3 ), m is the mass (g), and V is the volume of the biofuel sample (cm 3 ) (Attaphong et al 2017a, 2017b).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where ρ is the biofuel density (g/cm 3 ), m is the mass (g), and V is the volume of the biofuel sample (cm 3 ) (Attaphong et al 2017a(Attaphong et al , 2017b.…”

Section: Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%