Effect of adding additional Carbon Fiber on Piezoresistive Properties of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Pavements under Impact Load

Abstract

Self-sensing and mechanical behavior of FRCP under impact loads were assessed.• Carbon fibers and steel fibers were utilized to improve the mechanical and piezoresistive properties.• The best impact energy results were achieved when only 0.5 and 1.0% vol.% of CF and SF respectively. • Successful self-sensing of damage was obtained with superior performance of CF.Multifunctional Cementitious Composite (MCC) characteristics are directly related to the type and dosage of the Electrically Conductive Materials (ECMs) reinforcing the relevant concrete matrices. This study investigated the electromechanical capacities of fiber reinforced concrete pavement (FRCP) with and without the addition of micro scale-carbon fiber (CF). The impact energy of FRCP under compacted load was evaluated initially; then, the effects of 0.5% and 1% content by volume of CF on the piezoresistivity capacities of FRCP were investigated under applied impact load. This type of load is the most common force causing long-term rigid pavement deterioration. Obtained results showed that the use of a hybrid fiber (micro-scale carbon fiber 0.5% and macro-scale steel fiber 1% by volume) enhanced the impact strength (impact energy) due to CF's resistance to micro-cracks. The developed FRCP showed good results in terms of self-sensing under compact load with both 0.5 and 1.0% by volume of CF.

A review of conductive additives for enhancing the electrical properties of self-sensing asphalt

“…To make asphalt self-sensing, either the asphalt mastic shall contain conductive additives, or the aggregates in itself shall be conductive [25]. Electrically Conductive Materials (ECM), or Conductive Phase Materials (CPM), or simply conductive additives, are self-sensing, self-monitoring, multifunctional or smart materials usually introduced in asphalt mastic for ideally enhancing its electrical conductivity without compromising its fundamental performance parameters [7,9,[16][17][18][26][27][28]. The first attempt of such development dates back to 1950s [16,28] and the 1960 [9], whereas the first patent related to conductive asphalt was issued in 1965 [22].…”

“…• Fiber-based, binder-based, and granule-based additives along with their combinations have been used by researchers aiming to increase the electrical conductivity that leads to the self or induced healing of asphalt mixes [17,26,29].…”

“…• This classification divides conductive modifiers and additives in four groups; polymer modifiers, chemical modifiers, adhesion/anti-stripping agents, and fiber additives [7]. Independent of the above classifications, previous research studies have used several types of additives for imparting electrical conductivity into asphalt, the most commonly used ones are carbon fiber, steel fiber, aluminum fiber, steel wool [6,33,38], carbon nanotube [26,39], graphene (nanometer-level) [6], graphite powder (micrometer-level), carbon black, nickel powder, TA [18], copper slag [40], coke [19], metal and steel shaving etc. [18,26,27,29,35,37,40].…”

A Novel Way of Using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag and Steel Shaving Fibers for Production of Sustainable and Smart Rigid Pavement

“…In the present work, to manufacture a self-sensing concrete pavement, information about the strength, displacement, or damage of crack structures is based on the change of electrical resistance (13,18). The primary determinant of electrical conductivity of concrete is the conductive ability of the filler.…”

Carbon Fiber Cloth Performance Improvement via Hybrid Materials (Fe2O3, FeCo2O4, and Conducting Polymer) Addition for Energy Storage Applications

“…These include carbon-based materials, metal oxides, nitrides, and conductive polymers [9,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Furthermore, concerning these materials, carbonaceous matrices stand out, including graphene, carbon nanotubes [21], and porous carbon, because of their exceptional conductivity [22], cost-effectiveness, large surface area [23], great chemical constancy, and eco-friendly, see Figure 1 [24].…”