Effect of Acremonium Endophytes on Four Species of Billbug Found on New Jersey Turfgrasses

Johnson‐Cicalese, Jennifer; White, R.H.

doi:10.21273/jashs.115.4.602

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Acremonium endophytic fungi grow symbiotically with many species of grasses, causing them to produce higher concentrations of plant allelochemicals that deter feeding by many insect herbivores ( Breen 1994 ). Endophyte-enhanced ryegrasses and fescues are highly resistant to feeding by billbugs and have been shown to be optimally resistant when they comprise 35–40% of the stand ( Johnson-Cicalese and White 1990 , Richmond et al. 2000 , Watschke et al.…”

Section: Management Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology and Management of Billbugs (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Turfgrass

Dupuy¹

2016

J Integr Pest Manag

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Billbugs (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Sphenophorus spp.) are a complex of weevil pests affecting turfgrass throughout the United States. Billbug larvae cause damage by feeding in stems, on roots, and on the crowns of turf, causing severe discoloration and eventual plant death. Monitoring efforts have focused on nondestructive pitfall sampling of ground-active billbug adults and on destructive sampling using soil cores for larval stages in the soil. Given the cryptic nature of the susceptible larval stages, billbugs are typically managed by preventive applications of long-residual, systemic insecticides, including neonicotinoids and anthranilic diamides. Despite knowledge of effective management practices including pest-resistant turf varieties, irrigation management, and microbial controls that contribute to an IPM approach, billbug management continues to rely heavily on prophylactic synthetic insecticides. This review will summarize the identification and biology of billbugs and strategies for their management.

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Section: Management Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology and Management of Billbugs (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Turfgrass

Dupuy¹

2016

J Integr Pest Manag

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“…; Barger and Tannenbaum 1998;Barker 2008;Bazely et al 1997;Bluett et al 2005;Boning and Bultman 1996;Bourassa et al 2007;Braman et al 2002;Breen 1993a;Breen 1993b;Brem and Leuchtmann 2001;Bultman and Bell 2003;Bultman and Conard 1998;Bultman and Ganey 1995;Bultman et al 2006;Bultman et al 2009;Carriere et al 1998;Cheplick and Clay 1988;Clark et al 1996; Clay et al 1989; Clay et al 1985a Clay et al , b, 1993Clement 1991; Clement et al 1992 Clement et al , 1996 Clement et al , 1997 Clement et al , 2001 Clement et al , 2005 Conover 1998 Conover , 2003 Conover and Messmer 1996a; Conover and Messmer 1996b; Cook et al 1991; Crutchfield and Potter 1994; Davidson and Potter 1995; Durham and Tannenbaum 1998; Eerens et al 1994, 1998a, Eerens et al 1998b Eichenseer and Dahlman 1992, 1993; Eichenseer et al 1991; Elmi et al 2000;Faeth 2009; Filipov et al 1998; Fisher and Burns 2008; Ford and Kirkpatrik 1989;Fortier et al 2000Fortier et al , 2001Gaynor and Hunt 1983;Gwinn and Gavin 1992;Hardy et al 1985Hardy et al , 1986Hol et al 2007;Hoveland et al 1980Hoveland et al , 1983Huitu et al 2008;Humphries et al 2001;Hunt and Newman 2005;Jackson et al 1997;Jallow et al 2008;Johnson et al 1985;Johnson-Cicalese and White 1990;Kimmons et al 1990;…”

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confidence: 99%

Defensive mutualism between plants and endophytic fungi?

2010

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Endophyte-grass symbiosis is generally considered to be a classic example of microbe-plant symbiosis in which the fitness of the microbial symbiont and its host plant is closely linked, and thus, presumed to align the interests of partners toward mutually beneficial cooperation. Accumulating evidence seems to suggest that defensive mutualism provides the best framework for understanding plantendophyte interactions in general. We conducted a metaanalysis of 99 published studies on 36 plant (inc. both grass and tree species), 62 herbivore and 17 predator or parasitoid taxons to test the importance of defensive mutualism in multitrophic interactions. In general, statistical perusal revealed that we still know little about these seemingly well-studied biological interactions. The conceptual framework for endophyte-grass interactions has largely been based on endophyte-plant-herbivore studies of two, economically important, artificially selected and introduced agricultural grass species, tall fescue and perennial ryegrass, and two generalist invertebrate pests. Only 10 original publications provided data of higher trophic levels. Consistent with the defensive mutualism hypothesis, the meta-analysis indicates that endophytes slightly increase grass resistance to herbivores, and the defensive mutualism appears to be most commonly detected in systemic and vertically transmitted grass endophytes compared to horizontally transmitted tree endophytes. However, variation appears to increase when higher trophic levels are considered. In addition to taxonomical bias, the literature is strongly biased toward short-term laboratory and greenhouse experiments rather than field conditions. Thus, current literature is insufficient to capture the breadth of variability inherent in the wild grassendophyte populations and communities, and the general importance of defensive mutualism remains to be solved in future studies.

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“…Second, many eggs were laid within the first few days of confinement on a particular diet, indicating that the diet provided in the petri dish may have had little influence on oviposition. In a separate study (Johnson-Cicalese and White, 1990), however, a second-or third-instar billbug larva was found feeding on a potted tall fescue-plant that adults had been confined on, providing further evidence that billbugs will oviposit on tall fescue. The results of this experiment, in general, indicate that bermudagrass is the least favored host and that Kentucky bluegrass, endophyte-free perennial ryegrass, and endophyte-free tall fescue are equally adequate hosts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Additional Host Plants of Four Species of Billbug Found on New Jersey Turfgrasses

Johnson‐Cicalese¹,

Funk²

1990

jashs

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Studies were conducted on the host plants of four billbug species (Coleoptera:Curculionidae: Sphenophorus parvulus Gyllenhal, S. venatus Chitt., S. inaequalis Say, and S. minimus Hart) found on New Jersey turfgrasses. A collection of 4803 adults from pure stands of various turfgrasses revealed all four billbugs on Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), and S. parvulus, S. venatus, and S. minimus on Chewings fescue (F. rubra L. ssp. commutata Gaud.). Since the presence of larvae, pupae, or teneral adults more accurately indicates the host status of a grass species, immature billbugs were collected from plugs of the various grass species and reared to adults for identification. All four species were reared from immature billbugs found in Kentucky bluegrass turf; immatures of S. venatus, S. inaequalis, and S. minimus were found in tall fescue; S. venatus and S. minimus in perennial ryegrass; and S. inaequalis in strong creeping red fescue (F. rubra L. ssp. rubra). A laboratory experiment was also conducted in which billbug adults were confined in petri dishes with either Kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, tall fescue, or bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon Pers.). Only minor differences were found between the four grasses in billbug survival, number of eggs laid, and amount of feeding. In general, bermudagrass was the least favored host and the other grasses were equally adequate hosts. The results of this study indicate a need for updating host-plant lists of these four billbug species.

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Effect of Acremonium Endophytes on Four Species of Billbug Found on New Jersey Turfgrasses

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Biology and Management of Billbugs (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Turfgrass

Biology and Management of Billbugs (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Turfgrass

Defensive mutualism between plants and endophytic fungi?

Additional Host Plants of Four Species of Billbug Found on New Jersey Turfgrasses

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