Effect of accommodation on intraocular pressure in glaucomatous eyes

Effects of Static Accommodation Versus Repeated Accommodation on Intraocular Pressure

“…[11][12][13][14][15][16][17] According to Armaly and Rubin, 12 the maximum pressure reduction in the age group between 20 and 25 years is reached after a mean time of 2.7 minutes. They also found that the majority of volunteers attained the effect on IOP by less than 2.5 D of accommodation.…”

“…9,10 These aspects of aqueous humor drainage are supported by several human in vivo studies showing that accommodation increases the facility of outflow and significantly lowers the IOP in normal and in glaucomatous eyes. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] After entering the anterior chamber, most of the aqueous humor is drained through the trabecular meshwork, into Schlemm canal, the collector channels, and scleral veins. The movement of aqueous humor through the trabecular route is a passive process owing to the pressure difference between the IOP and the episcleral venous pressure.…”

Effect of Near Work on Intraocular Pressure in Emmetropes

“…Note that unlike our study, none of these prior studies measured IOP after relaxation of accommodation except for one, which did not make a conclusion regarding the duration of IOP changes during accommodation [5]. e studies summarized in Table 1 mostly consisted of healthy young adults with the exceptions of Armaly et al who studied a population of 45-65 years and Cassidy et al who studied IOP changes in glaucoma subjects [5,9]. Two studies found no statistically significant IOP lowering with accommodation in emmetropes [11,17].…”

“…e only known modifiable risk factor for glaucoma is intraocular pressure (IOP), making accurate monitoring of IOP critical to successful disease management [3,4]. Accommodative effort has been shown to decrease IOP in a diverse range of participants including healthy subjects [5][6][7][8], glaucoma patients [9], and both near and farsighted participants [10,11]. Accommodation may decrease IOP via the contraction of ciliary muscle and the opening of Schlemm's canal, which leads to increased aqueous outflow through the conventional pathway [12,13].…”

Myopia: attempts to arrest progression

“…However, previous studies have found that patients who accommodated at near had slightly lower or similar intraocular pressures. [84][85][86][87] Perhaps during accommodation, traction is exerted on the scleral spur resulting in the opening of the trabecular network and increased aqueous outflow. In addition, there is little conclusive evidence that myopic children have higher intraocular pressures than their emmetropic counterparts.…”