Effect of acarbose on glycemic control and lipid metabolism in patients with non—insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Kawamura, Takaaki; Egusa, Genshi; Fujikawa, Rumi; Watanabe, Takehiko; Oda, Kiyoshi; Kataoka, Shinkuro; Takayama, Sadamatsu; Kubo, Katsumaro; Yamamoto, Shinichi; Noma, Koji; Orita, R.; Yamakido, Michio

doi:10.1016/s0011-393x(98)85004-2

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Furthermore, there is evidence that the degree of improvement in lipid profile seen with acarbose therapy is independent of the degree of glycaemic control attained [57]. In addition to the beneficial cardiovascular effects, the ability of acarbose to regulate lipid metabolism may be important in reducing patients' overall medication burden.…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms Of Acarbose-related Cardiovascular Protmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular benefits of acarbose in impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes

Zeymer

2006

International Journal of Cardiology

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Section: Potential Mechanisms Of Acarbose-related Cardiovascular Protmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular benefits of acarbose in impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes

Zeymer

2006

International Journal of Cardiology

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“…In most studies on lipid modifying effects of acarbose a moderate decrease in fasting and postprandial triglyceride levels (about 10%) were reported (Kado et al, 1998;Kawamura et al, 1998).…”

Section: Pharmacological Treatment Of Dyslipidemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Diabetic Dyslipoproteinemia

Steinmetz

2003

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes

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Diabetes mellitus, specifically type 2, is often associated with disorders in lipid metabolism. Elevated levels of plasma free fatty acids play a pivotal role by contributing significantly to insulin resistance. In addition free fatty acids promote diabetic dyslipidemia through increasing VLDL synthesis in the liver, and by virtue of cholesterylester transfer protein, modifying LDL to increase small-dense LDL subfractions and to decrease HDL cholesterol. This atherogenic lipoprotein profile (elevated triglycerides, increased small-dense low-density lipoproteins, and decreased high-density lipoproteins), contributes to the development of atherosclerosis and increases the risk of experiencing cardiovascular events, the most common cause of death in type 2 diabetes. To decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease events in diabetics, dyslipidemia needs to be treated, as evidenced from epidemiology, from intervention trials, and from subgroup analyses of large intervention trials initiated to evaluate effects of lipid lowering treatment that also included patients with type 2 diabetes. Most measures used to counteract hyperglycemia, are also prone to ameliorate dyslipidemia: dietary intervention (medical nutrition) including omega-3 fatty acids as part of lifestyle changes that also comprise cessation of smoking, increases in physical activity and reduction in body weight. In addition insulin, biguanides, acarbose and glitazones applied for glycemic control also improve diabetic dyslipidemia. Additional pharmacological treatment of dyslipidemia if persisting after glycemic control relies on different drug classes. Fibrates effectively reduce free fatty acids, fasting and postprandial lipemia, shift the distribution of LDL particles towards less dense subfractions and increase HDL cholesterol, thus particularly addressing key components of diabetic dyslipidemia. For LDL cholesterol lowering statins are mainly used that decrease LDL cholesterol levels by competitive inhibition of the HMG-CoA reductase. As type 2 diabetes is found to be associated with a two- to fourfold increase in coronary heart disease risk and as the degree of glycemia is more related to microvascular complications, correcting dyslipidemia appears to be a major task in order to reduce macrovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes.

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“…Slowing down of the digestion and absorption of dietary carbohydrates either by means of dietary manipulations or by intestinal, a-glucosidase inhibitory drugs like acarbose and voglibose have shown promise in reducing postprandial hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemea, and sensitivity of postprandial oxidative stress along with reducing the increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (Kawamura et al, 1998). Plants and microorganisms have been a rich source of a-glucosidase inhibitors and screening of a-glucosidases inhibitors from plants and synthetic sources is increasing (Li et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

α-Glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant properties and antidiabetic activity of Hypericum ascyron L.

2010

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Different solvent extracts of Hypericum ascyron L. were evaluated by a-glucosidase inhibitory activity and DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays, respectively, for antioxidant properties in vitro. EtOAC and MeOH extracts showed stronger inhibiting activity against a-glucosidase and rat intestinal a-glucosidase compared with acarbose as positive control. Eight known compounds were isolated from EtOAC and MeOH extracts and screened for a-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities. Kaempferol and ursolic acid were active compounds of a-glucosidase inhibitory effect in EtOAC extract. Quercetin-3-O-b-Dgalactoside, quercetin-3-O-b-D-glucoside and kaempferol from EtOAC and MeOH extracts showed moderate or lightly low antioxidant activity with BHT as positive control. The antidiabetic activity of EtOAC and MeOH extracts was determined in vivo. After intragastric administration of EtOAC extract (500 mg/kg body weight per day) and MeOH extract (500 mg/kg) to groups of on alloxan-induced diabetic mice for 8 days, the level of blood glucose in serum significantly decreased (P \ 0.01 and P \ 0.05, respectively), the blood lipid level of TC and TG lowered, and the oxidant stress and oxidative damage to tissues were inhibited by decreasing the level of MDA (P \ 0.01 and P \ 0.01, respectively) and lightly increasing the level of SOD. The result showed that H. ascyron may be a good sources of natural antioxidants and a-glucosidase inhibitor using for the therapy of hyperglycemic and its complication.

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Effect of acarbose on glycemic control and lipid metabolism in patients with non—insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Cardiovascular benefits of acarbose in impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes

Cardiovascular benefits of acarbose in impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes

Treatment of Diabetic Dyslipoproteinemia

α-Glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant properties and antidiabetic activity of Hypericum ascyron L.

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