Effect of AC electroshock on blood features in juvenile rainbow trout

Barton, Bruce; Grosh, R. S.

doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1996.tb01801.x

Cited by 39 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…Plasma glucose fluctuated from 34.54 to 52.45 mg/dL, within the range previously reported for the Nile tilapia, from 45 to 130 mg/dL (9,10,35), and for other species, from 40 to 110 mg/dL (5,6). These data confirm the non-stressed baseline for the fish in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Mean pre-stressor cortisol levels ranged from 41.57 to 65.67 ng/mL (Figure 2), in agreement with other studies. For instance, the baseline described for O. niloticus ranged from ~5 to 60 ng/mL (10,11,17,23,24), and for the related Cichlid, O. mossambicus, it ranged from ~20 to 60 ng/mL (33), and from about 10 to 60 for other fish species (3)(4)(5)(6)19,34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stress is a generalized response attributed to the fact that fish commonly have a complex of adaptive reactions to cope with stressors (1,2). For instance, stress has been reported to elevate plasma cortisol (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8), glucose levels (5,6,(9)(10)(11), and ventilatory frequency (12)(13)(14)(15) in fish. Although stress can be considered to be a generalized response, it can be modulated by specific stressor conditions (16).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stress responses of the fish Nile tilapia subjected to electroshock and social stressors

Barreto

Volpato

2006

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Plasma cortisol and glucose levels were measured in 36 adult Nile tilapia males, Oreochromis niloticus (standard length, mean ± SD, 14.38 ± 1.31 cm), subjected to electroshock and social stressors. Prestressor levels were determined 5 days after the adjustment of the fish to the experimental aquaria (1 fish/aquarium). Five days later, the effects of stressors on both cortisol and glucose levels were assessed. The following stressors were imposed for 60 min: pairing with a larger resident animal (social stressor), or a gentle electroshock (AC, 20 V, 15 mA, 100 Hz for 1 min every 4 min). Each stressor was tested in two independent groups, one in which stress was quantified immediately after the end of the 60-min stressor imposition (T60) and the other in which stress was quantified 30 min later (T90). Pre-stressor values for cortisol and glucose were not statistically different between groups. Plasma cortisol levels increased significantly and were of similar magnitude for both electroshock and the social stressor (mean ± SD for basal and final samples were: electroshock T60 = 65.47 ± 15.3, 177.0 ± 30.3; T90 = 54.8 ± 16.0, 196.2 ± 57.8; social stress T60 = 47.1 ± 9.0, 187.6 ± 61.7; T90 = 41.6 ± 8.1, 112.3 ± 26.8, respectively). Plasma glucose levels increased significantly for electroshock at both time points (T60 and T90), but only at T90 for the social stressor. Initial and final mean (± SD) values are: electroshock T60 = 52.5 ± 9.2, 115.0 ± 15.7; T90 = 35.5 ± 1.1, 146.3 ± 13.3; social stress T60 = 54. 8 ± 8.8, 84.4 ± 15.0; T90 = 34.5 ± 5.6, 116.3 ± 13.6, respectively. Therefore, electroshock induced an increase in glucose more rapidly than did the social stressor. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation between cortisol and glucose was detected only at T90 for the social stressor. These results indicate that a fish species responds differently to different stressors, thus suggesting specificity of fish stress response to a stressor.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stress responses of the fish Nile tilapia subjected to electroshock and social stressors

Barreto

Volpato

2006

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…1993;Dwyer and Erdahl 1995;Tipping and Gilhuly 1996;Muth and Ruppert 1996), and behaviour (Curry and Kynard 1978;Mesa and Schreck 1989). More recently, electroshocking effects on the physiological stress response have also been investigated (Woodward and Strange 1987;Mesa and Schreck 1989;Barton and Grosh 1996;Barton and Dwyer 1996). There is also evidence that a brief electroshock influences specific immune function of fish by altering the abundance of circulating leucocytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schreck et al (1976) found that rainbow trout exposed to a brief electroshock (230 volts; 2.3 amperes) exhibited an immediate but transient increase in the number of circulating thrombocytes, while granulocytes (e.g. neutrophils) may decline in response to an electroshock (Barton and Grosh 1996). It is thought that the effects of electroshocking are similar to those of recovery from hypoxia (Schreck et al 1976), possibly due to oxygen debt resulting from severe muscular activity or tetanus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The physiological stress response of salmonids: considerations for field procedures and environmental monitoring

Cho¹

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Investigating the physiological state of wild salmonids is challenging on many levels.The sensitive nature of an integrated physiological stress response directs how biological data is collected in the field and, consequently, how the results are interpreted. This thesis is comprised of two main components. The first component encompasses laboratory-based studies addressing the potential confounding effects of: 1) anaesthesia with either tricaine methanesulphonate Electroshocking is an acute stressor from which juvenile chinook salmon can recover physiologically (usually within 12-24 h). Handling without shocking, however, significantly reduced serum lysozyme activity for up to 2 wks post-stress. Radiographs indicated that while 11 some degree of spinal abnormality exists naturally in domestic chinook juveniles, individuals exposed to a single brief shock incur significantly more spinal deformities.Some of the variation in the stress physiology and non-specific immune function of wild bull trout in the Torpy River system were explained by the combined effects of stream gradient, discharge rate, and riparian canopy-closure. The physiological measurements of wild bull trout generally did not differ from those reported in the literature for other salmonid species. The "background" effects of these habitat features on the physiology of wild salmonids must be considered when interpreting field-collected data.

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Backpack electrofishing does not contribute to external signs of gas bubble trauma in sculpins

Tiffan

Eller

2022

Aquaculture Fish & Fisheries

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We exposed prickly sculpin Cottus asper and reticulate sculpin Cottus perplexus to electroshock and sham treatments in a controlled laboratory setting to determine if backpack electrofishing contributed to or exacerbated external signs of gas bubble trauma (GBT) in fish exposed to elevated total dissolved gas (TDG) levels. Fish were exposed to 115, 120 and 125% TDG (measured as percent of saturation) for various amounts of time (24–144 h) then subjected to a 5‐s electroshock or sham treatment of no electroshock. Fish were examined to determine the incidence of GBT pre‐ and post‐treatment, and all aspects (i.e., dorsal, ventral, left and right sides) of each fish were photographed. Across all TDG levels in all trials, no sculpin showed any change in GBT incidence following treatment. Analysis of GBT signs evident in photographs of 68 fish found no evidence of change in mean pre‐ and post‐treatment gas bubble sizes in fish in any TDG trial, nor were any new gas bubbles found following treatment. We are aware of no physiological mechanism by which backpack electrofishing can cause GBT in sculpin, and as such, we believe using this gear should not increase GBT incidence rates in sculpin.

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Effect of AC electroshock on blood features in juvenile rainbow trout

Cited by 39 publications

References 19 publications

Stress responses of the fish Nile tilapia subjected to electroshock and social stressors

Stress responses of the fish Nile tilapia subjected to electroshock and social stressors

The physiological stress response of salmonids: considerations for field procedures and environmental monitoring

Backpack electrofishing does not contribute to external signs of gas bubble trauma in sculpins

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