Effect of abandonment and plant classification on carbohydrate reserves of meadow plants

Janeček, Štěpán; Lanta, Vojtěch; Klimešová, Jitka; Doležal, Jiří

doi:10.1111/j.1438-8677.2010.00352.x

Cited by 42 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 72 publications

(76 reference statements)

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“…Roots were carefully washed and the root samples, taken from the main root at the time of harvest, were used for analysing the following non‐structural carbohydrates: sorbitol, mannitol, galactose, glucose, fructose, sucrose and raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs). These saccharides are the main non‐structural carbohydrates in Plantago lanceolata (Janeček et al 2011). The glucose, fructose and sucrose contents were assessed using a high‐performance anion exchange chromatography‐pulsed amperometric detector (HPAE‐PAD) with a Dionex ISC‐3000 system.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive transgenerational plasticity in the perennial Plantago lanceolata

Latzel

Janeček

Doležal

et al. 2013

Oikos

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Phenotypes of plants, and thus their ecology and evolution, can be affected by the environmental conditions experienced by their parents, a phenomenon called parental effects or transgenerational plasticity. However, whether such effects are just passive responses or represent a special type of adaptive plasticity remains controversial because of a lack of solid tests of their adaptive significance. Here, we investigated transgenerational effects of different nutrient environments on the productivity, carbon storage and flowering phenology of the perennial plant Plantago lanceolata, and whether these effects are influenced by seasonal variation in the maternal environment. We found that maternal environments significantly affected the offspring phenotype, and that plants consistently produced more biomass and had greater root carbohydrate storage if grown under the same environmental conditions as experienced by their mothers. The observed transgenerational effects were independent of the season in which seeds had matured. We therefore conclude that transgenerational effects on biomass and carbon storage in P. lanceolata are adaptive regardless of the season of seed maturation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive transgenerational plasticity in the perennial Plantago lanceolata

Latzel

Janeček

Doležal

et al. 2013

Oikos

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“…This goal can be achieved by separating and weighing the individual organs related to different belowground compartments, such as fine roots (acquisitive compartment) and rhizomes, thick roots (nonacquisitive compartment). After analysing storage carbohydrates in coarse organs by standard methods (Janeček et al., ), nonstructural subcompartment could be also determined, that is, the proportion of biomass allocated into coarse organ(s) that is represented by storage compounds such as starch (Bartoš, Janeček, & Klimešová, ; Janeček et al., ).…”

Section: Biomass Allocation and Turnovermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The least known compartment of belowground plant organs is the nonstructural subcompartment. Comparative analyses of carbohydrates allocated into belowground storage organs by modern methods are restricted to a handful of studies (e.g., Dvorský et al., ; Janeček et al., ; Palacio, Maestro, & Montserrat‐Martí, ). From there, it emerges that herbs and shrubs have 10%–40% of carbohydrates biomass in belowground storage organs (Janeček et al., ).…”

Section: Biomass Allocation and Turnovermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparative analyses of carbohydrates allocated into belowground storage organs by modern methods are restricted to a handful of studies (e.g., Dvorský et al., ; Janeček et al., ; Palacio, Maestro, & Montserrat‐Martí, ). From there, it emerges that herbs and shrubs have 10%–40% of carbohydrates biomass in belowground storage organs (Janeček et al., ). The amount of carbohydrates allocated into storage organs depends upon specific plant responses to disturbance (e.g., fire, grazing), climate seasonality, elevation (Clarke, Manea, & Leishman, ; Dvorský et al., ).…”

Section: Biomass Allocation and Turnovermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Belowground plant functional ecology: Towards an integrated perspective

2018

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Abstract1. In recent years, belowground plant ecology has experienced a booming interest.This has resulted in major advances towards a greater understanding of belowground plant and ecosystem functioning focused on fine roots, mycorrhizal associations and nutrient acquisition.2. Despite this, other important functions (e.g., on-spot persistence, space occupancy, resprouting after biomass removal) exerted by different belowground plant organs (e.g., roots, rhizomes, bulbs) remain largely unexplored.3. Here, we propose a framework providing a comprehensive perspective on the entire set of belowground plant organs and functions. We suggest a compartment-based approach. We identify two major belowground compartments, that is, acquisitive and nonacquisitive, associated with biomass allocation into these functions. Also, we recommend the nonacquisitive compartment to be divided into structural (e.g., functional roles carried out by rhizomes, such as sharing of resources, space occupancy) and nonstructural (e.g., functional roles exerted by carbohydrates reserve affecting resprouting ability, protection against climate adversity) subcompartments. We discuss methodological challenges-and their possible solutions-posed by changes in biomass allocation across growth forms and ontogenetic stages, and in relation to biomass partitioning and turnover. 4. We urge the implementation of methods and approaches considering all the belowground plant compartments. This way, we would make sure that key, yet lessstudied functions would be incorporated into the belowground plant ecology research agenda. The framework has potential to advance the understanding of belowground plant and ecosystem functioning by considering relations and tradeoffs between different plant functions and organs. At last, we identify four major areas where using the proposed compartment-based approach would be particularly important, namely (a) biomass scaling, (b) clonality-resource acquisition relations, (c) linkages between resprouting and changing environmental conditions and (d) carbon sequestration. K E Y W O R D Sacquisitive and nonacquisitive compartments, belowground plant functions, biomass allocation and turnover, buds and carbohydrates storage, growth forms, ontogeny, rhizomes, roots

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“…In contrast to raffinose, which is found in all plants, stachyose and other higher degree of polymerisation (DP) RFOs such as verbascose and ajugose accumulate in the vacuole of only certain plant species (Janecek et al . ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Physiological aspects of raffinose family oligosaccharides in plants: protection against abiotic stress

2013

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Abiotic stresses resulting from water deficit, high salinity or periods of drought adversely affect plant growth and development and represent major selective forces during plant evolution. The raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) are synthesised from sucrose by the subsequent addition of activated galactinol moieties donated by galactinol. RFOs are characterised as compatible solutes involved in stress tolerance defence mechanisms, although evidence also suggests that they act as antioxidants, are part of carbon partitioning strategies and may serve as signals in response to stress. The key enzyme and regulatory point in RFO biosynthesis is galactinol synthase (GolS), and an increase of GolS in expression and activity is often associated with abiotic stress. It has also been shown that different GolS isoforms are expressed in response to different types of abiotic stress, suggesting that the timing and accumulation of RFOs are controlled for each abiotic stress. However, the accumulation of RFOs in response to stress is not universal and other functional roles have been suggested for RFOs, such as being part of a carbon storage mechanism. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants with increased galactinol and raffinose concentrations had better ROS scavenging capacity, while many sugars have been shown in vitro to have antioxidant activity, suggesting that RFOs may also act as antioxidants. The RFO pathway also interacts with other carbohydrate pathways, such as that of O-methyl inositol (OMI), which shows that the functional relevance of RFOs must not be seen in isolation to overall carbon re-allocation during stress responses.

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Effect of abandonment and plant classification on carbohydrate reserves of meadow plants

Cited by 42 publications

References 72 publications

Adaptive transgenerational plasticity in the perennial Plantago lanceolata

Adaptive transgenerational plasticity in the perennial Plantago lanceolata

Belowground plant functional ecology: Towards an integrated perspective

Physiological aspects of raffinose family oligosaccharides in plants: protection against abiotic stress

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