Effect of a transverse magnetic field on the plume emission in laser-produced plasma: An atomic analysis

Quantum features of a charged particle in ionized plasma controlled by a time-dependent magnetic field

“…To see quantum features of the system, the invariant operator is constructed through the method of Lewis-Riesenfeld [see Equation (8)]. This enabled us to manage the system in more or less simple way by avoiding the direct consideration of the time-dependent problem by means of a constant of motion that is a quadratic form.…”

“…We can see that angular momentum of the particle is conserved in variable magnetic fields as well as in the static limit [7]. Several interesting phenomena that take place by the presence of magnetic field in an ionized plasma include plume confinement, particle acceleration and deceleration, dissipation of kinetic energy into thermal energy, Debris mitigation, and instability of plasma [8][9][10].…”

The application of magnetic field at low pressure for optimal laser-induced plasma spectroscopy

“…In any means, the magnetic confinement causes not only the conversion of a kinetic energy of the plasma into a thermal energy [7,8], but also the increase of both effective density and the rate of electron recombination in the plasma [6,9,10]. Therefore, the collective effects of these phenomena are expected to enhance significantly the emission intensity during the laser-induced plasma spectroscopy [11,12].…”

“…It is known from the previously investigations that plasma generation is influenced by the laser parameters (intensity, pulse duration, and wavelength) [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], the physical properties of target material (ionization potential, reflectivity and thermal conductivity), and the ambient conditions [23].…”

Confinement and re-expansion of laser induced plasma in transverse magnetic field: Dynamical behaviour and geometrical aspect of expanding plume

“…The presence of magnetic field during the expansion of laserblow off (LBO)/laser produced plasma (LPP) can initiate several interesting physical phenomena, which include conversion of kinetic energy into plasma thermal energy, plume confinement, ion acceleration/deceleration, emission enhancement/decrease and plasma instabilities [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The physics of plasma flow across magnetic field lines is important in many laboratory, tokamak and space plasmas and has significant importance in many applied researches, for example, increase in the detection sensitivity of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy [1,9], manipulation of plasma plume in pulse laser deposition [10][11][12], debris mitigation etc.…”