Effect of a six-week times restricted eating intervention on the body composition in early elderly men with overweight

Abstract

The main aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of time-restricted eating (TRE) in reducing body fat and lowering body mass index in early elderly men with overweight (65–74 years). An additional goal was to determine the feasibility of applying TRE for extensive use in elderly men. This study included a group of 46 healthy men (EXP = 23 persons, CON = 23 persons). The six-week intervention in the experimental group involved complete abstinence from food intake for 16 h per day, from 08:00 to 12:00 p.m. After the intervention, the body weight decreased in the EXP group (− 1.92 kg) with a 95% CI (1.14–2.70) compared to the CON group. There was also a decrease in the Visceral fat mass (− 0.64 l) with 95% CI (0.46–0.82) and in the waist circumference (− 3.11 cm) with 95% CI (1.89–4.33) in the EXP group compared to the CON group. The skeletal muscle mass did not change significantly. There was no significant change in the control group, either. The application of TRE in early elderly overweight men resulted in positive changes in body composition and visceral fat. All participants succeed in the prescribed diet plan, which shows that TRE is easy to maintain for early elderly overweight men and may become an essential obesity treatment tool in these age groups.

Feasibility of time‐restricted eating in individuals with overweight, obesity, prediabetes, or type 2 diabetes: A systematic scoping review

“…In six studies, participants were permitted to drink only water outside the eating window (Table 3) [11, 20, 23, 33, 38, 46]. In six studies, (black) coffee and/or tea were allowed [39, 40, 45, 49, 50, 52]. In 13 studies, participants were further allowed to drink other calorie‐free beverages, for example, diet sodas [24, 25, 30, 34–36, 41–44, 47, 48, 51].…”

“…The median number of participants enrolled in the TRE intervention groups was 21, ranging from 8 [11] to 97 [48]. Four studies included only women [37,39,41,47], and two studies included only men [40,44]. In the remaining studies, the percentage of women ranged from 32% [46] to 95% [42], with most studies including more women than men.…”

“…Nearly 80% of the studies were published from 2020 and onward. Study designs varied between single-arm [11, 22-25, 35, 38, 44, 46, 47, 49, 52], two-arm [30,32,33,36,37,39,40,50,51],…”

Gender Differences in the Frequency of Positive and Negative Effects after Acute Caffeine Consumption

“…Considering the latest studies of Skinner et al and Surma et al indicating that caffeine is mainly distributed through free body mass [ 11 , 20 ], the greater proportion of adipose tissue may result in higher plasma and tissue concentrations of caffeine. If women tend to have relatively less free fat mass and more fat mass than men [ 50 , 51 ], this will also influence caffeine absorption, differences in plasma concentrations, and the occurrence of side effects [ 32 ]. The authors suggested that this fact is responsible for the significant differences between the sexes and the more negative effects in women compared to the male group after caffeine intake.…”

Timing of energy intake and the therapeutic potential of intermittent fasting and time-restricted eating in NAFLD

“…Reassuringly, no decompensating events were reported in a randomised trial of semaglutide in compensated NASH cirrhosis despite 9% wt loss 133. Trials of IF in both elderly populations and in high-performance athletes have also not demonstrated any associations with reduced muscle mass or function 134 135. However, patients with decompensated cirrhosis do represent a particularly high risk group in whom weight loss interventions (including IF and TRE) should be implemented with caution alongside specialist multidisciplinary input, structured exercise and adequate protein intake in line with international societal practice guidelines 136 137.…”