Effect of a single session of aerobic walking exercise on arterial pressure in community-living elderly individuals

Abstract

Several studies have demonstrated that one exercise session (ES) on a cycloergometer or ergometric treadmill causes a reduction in blood pressure (BP). However, there are few similar studies on walking, which is the exercise modality most available to the elderly. We investigated the immediate and 24-h effects of walking on BP in independent, community-living elderly individuals. Volunteers participated in a single ES and resting control session (CS). Before and after each session, BP was measured by auscultatory and oscillometric methods. After each session, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was conducted. An accelerometer was installed 48 h before the sessions and left in place for 5 days. The mean volunteer age was 67.7 ± 3.5 years; 11 were hypertensive patients under treatment, and 12 were normotensive. In the total sample, there were immediate 14mm Hg and 12 mm Hg reductions in systolic BP (SBP) after the ES according to the auscultatory and oscillometric methods, respectively. Diastolic BP (DBP) was reduced by 4 mm Hg after the ES according to both methods. SBP during wakefulness and sleep and DBP during wakefulness were lower after the ES than after the CS (Po0.01), when wakefulness and sleep were determined individually (variable-time pattern) using data from the activity monitors and provided by the volunteers. Keywords: actigraph; aerobic exercise; ambulatory blood pressure monitoring; blood pressure; elderly individuals INTRODUCTIONThe aging process is associated with many important physiological changes, of which increased blood pressure (BP) is one of the most well known. In addition to regular physical exercise, a single session of acute exercise has also been observed to reduce BP during the recovery period.Hypotensive responses have been observed in hypertensive animals 1,2 and normotensive (NT) and hypertensive humans. [3][4][5][6] The magnitude of the hypotensive response to aerobic exercise varies between NT and hypertensive subjects and young and elderly subjects. In a study conducted in NT and hypertensive elderly persons, 6 reduced BP was observed only in hypertensive subjects after executing a single exercise session (ES) on a cycloergometer. In another study including only NT women, 7 a marked reduction in BP was observed after acute dynamic exercise in middle-aged and elderly women but not in young women. Other studies 8,9 have shown greater BP reductions in persons aged 41-60 years compared with older and younger individuals.Ambulatory arterial blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) has been extensively used to obtain more detailed information about BP

Effectiveness of Cardiac Walking on Blood Pressure Among Patients With Hypertension at a Selected Hospital in Kancheepuram District

“…These findings highlight the importance of regular cardiac walking among patients with hypertension. These findings are substantiated by the study conducted by Lima et al which revealed that there were immediate 14 mmHg and 12 mmHg reduction in systolic BP and 4 mmHg in diastolic BP after the exercise session for 5 days, which were statistically significant at p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively [4]. Further, the above findings were supported by the study conducted by Warner and Louis on the effect of 30 minutes walking on BP for 5 days a week.…”

Acute Aerobic Exercise Induces Short-Term Reductions in Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Patients With Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…33,44,54,57,66,67 Three studies included both medicated and nonmedicated patients with hypertension. 41,47,65 Exercise Characteristics Exercise sessions lasted on average ≈30 to ≈50 minutes. Different modalities of exercise were analyzed, including aerobic, 25,[32][33][34][35][36][37][39][40][41][42][43][45][46][47]50,[52][53][54][55][57][58][59][60]64,66,67 resistance, 32,38,44,49,51,56,[61][62][63]65 and combined aerobic and resistance exercise.…”

Noninvasive effects measurements for air pollution human studies: methods, analysis, and implications

“…The existence of post-exercise hypotension, or decrease in BP, has been confirmed in both normotensive and hypertensive participants, both directly after and up to 24 h after increased activity. 44-46 In addition, care should also be taken in recording BP measurements during the same time of the day, with participants getting up at the same time each morning if possible. This is to minimize in the effect of circadian rhythm on BP, which has been demonstrated in two studies.…”