Effect of a short-term very low calorie diet on plasma lipids, fibrinogen, and factor VII in obese subjects

Slabber, M; Barnard, H. C.; Kuyl, J. M.; Badenhorst, C. J.

doi:10.1016/0009-9120(92)80010-e

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Earlier trials reached con¯icting conclusions on this issue and it needs to be investigated in more detail (Leenen et al, 1993;Andersen et al, 1995). Obese individuals experience a 20±30% decline in FVIIc and a 40±60% decline in PAI concentrations when they are on very low calorie diets (Huisveld et al, 1990;Slabber et al, 1992;Palareti et al, 1994). More moderate energy restriction is also associated with marked reductions in FVIIc and PAI-1 (Mehrabian et al, 1990;Folsom et al, 1993;Calles-Escandon et al, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be explained by unfavourable plasma lipid pro®les, blood hypercoagulability and impaired endogenous ®brinolysis (Mead et al, 1979;Terry et al, 1989;Folsom et al, 1991;Iso et al, 1993;Sundell et al, 1993). Several earlier trials demonstrated that these abnormalities are corrected with weight reduction as assessed from measurements made during or shortly after slimming (Leenen et al, 1993;Andersen et al, 1995;Huisveld et al, 1990;Mehrabian et al, 1990;Slabber et al, 1992;Peternel et al, 1994;Palareti et al, 1994;Velthuiste Wierik et al, 1995;Calles-Escandon et al, 1996). These studies cannot tell whether the bene®cial biochemical effects are primarily explained by the negative energy balance during slimming, or by the reduced body weight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sustained improvement in blood lipids, coagulation, and fibrinolysis after major weight loss in obese subjects

Marckmann¹,

Toubro²,

Astrup³

1998

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To study whether major weight loss causes sustained improvement in blood lipids and haemostatic pro®le in obese subjects, and to compare the in¯uence of two different slimming and maintenance regimens. Design: Two-stranded randomized intervention study. Setting: University Department. Subjects: Thirty-six out of 43 obese patients recruited from out-patient waiting list completed the study. Interventions: Weight loss was achieved by very low energy formula diet (2 MJad for 8 weeks, n 18), or lowenergy conventional diet (5 MJad for 17 weeks, n 18), both combined with anorectic compound. Participants were re-randomized to consume low fat diet ad libitum (n 16), or energy-restricted diet (n 20) for weight maintenance during 24 weeks. Main outcome measures: Plasma lipids, ®brinogen, factor VII coagulant activity (FVIIc), and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) antigen. Results: Weight loss averaged 13.6 kg (95% CI: 12.3 ± 14.9 kg). After 24 weeks' weight maintenance, plasma total cholesterol was 9% lower, high density lipoprotein cholesterol 5% higher, triglycerides 30% lower, FVIIc 12% lower, ®brinogen 6% lower, and PAI-1 antigen 34% lower than at baseline (all changes highly signi®cant). There were no signi®cant differences between slimming or maintenance regimens. Conclusions: Major weight loss is associated with sustained and marked improvements in blood lipids and hemostatic pro®le, irrespective of the tested slimming and maintenance regimens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustained improvement in blood lipids, coagulation, and fibrinolysis after major weight loss in obese subjects

Marckmann¹,

Toubro²,

Astrup³

1998

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…However, in a recent study, the relationship between FVII and fasting insulin persisted after adjustment for TG, which suggests that insulin exerts its influence not only via TG but also via some other metabolic pathways [77]. Finally, the majority of studies investigating the effect of weight loss found a reduction in FVII levels, with both modest and more substantial weight loss [78,79]. The decrease in FVII correlated with the change in waist circumference, TG and cholesterol in men, but only with TG in women [80].…”

Section: Factor VIImentioning

confidence: 92%

Dyslipidaemia, Hypercoagulability and the Metabolic Syndrome

Kakafika¹,

Liberopoulos²,

Karagiannis³

et al. 2006

CVP

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The metabolic syndrome is a clustering of risk factors including central obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and hypertension. This syndrome is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and is a common early abnormality in the development of type 2 diabetes. The pathogenesis of the syndrome has multiple origins. Obesity and sedentary lifestyle coupled with genetic factors interact to produce the syndrome. Here, we consider two components of the metabolic syndrome, dyslipidaemia and hypercoagulability.

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“…Results of studies investigating the effect of weight loss on fibrinogen levels are not conclusive, with a few studies finding an effect of weight loss on fibrinogen levels (29,38,47,48) and other studies finding no effect ((32,49–51) (Table 2). Probably a substantial weight loss, in contrast to a more modest weight reduction, is needed for a significant reduction in fibrinogen levels.…”

Section: Fibrinogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Probably a substantial weight loss, in contrast to a more modest weight reduction, is needed for a significant reduction in fibrinogen levels. In the studies demonstrating decreased fibrinogen levels after weight loss, patients lost at least 10% of body weight (29,38,47,48) compared to studies with less than 10% weight loss (32,50).…”

Section: Fibrinogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity, haemostasis and the fibrinolytic system

2002

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Obese patients are at risk for the development of cardiovascular diseases, which can in part be explained by disturbances in the haemostatic and fibrinolytic systems. Indeed, obese subjects tend to have higher values of fibrinogen, factor VII, factor VIII, von Willebrand factor and plasminogen activator inhibitor compared to non-obese subjects. Abdominal obesity, in particular, has been shown to be associated with disturbances in fibrinogen, factor VIII and von Willebrand factor, while less consistent results have been found for factor VII. Recently it has been demonstrated that the adipocyte itself is able to produce plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, possibly explaining the high levels found in obesity. Different studies have investigated the association between haemostatic and fibrinolytic parameters and the insulin resistance syndrome, often present in obese subjects. Fibrinogen has been found to be related to insulin, but it has been suggested that this relationship is not independent of the accompanying inflammatory reaction. Results from studies on the relationship between insulin resistance and factor VII, factor VIII and von Willebrand factor levels are inconsistent. In contrast, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 has been found to correlate with all components of the insulin resistance syndrome, and can be considered as a true component of this metabolic syndrome. Weight loss seems to have a beneficial effect on factor VII--probably mediated through a reduction in triglycerides. Data on factor VIII and von Willebrand factor are scarce but weight loss does not seem to have an effect. Fibrinogen does not seem to be reduced by modest weight loss and a more substantial weight loss seems necessary to lower fibrinogen levels. In contrast, both modest and substantial weight loss have been found to significantly reduce plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels. In conclusion, the increased cardiovascular risk observed in obesity could in part be explained by the association between insulin resistance and components of the fibrinolytic and haemostatic systems. Whether this relationship is truly causal or indirect needs to be elucidated further.

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Effect of a short-term very low calorie diet on plasma lipids, fibrinogen, and factor VII in obese subjects

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Sustained improvement in blood lipids, coagulation, and fibrinolysis after major weight loss in obese subjects

Sustained improvement in blood lipids, coagulation, and fibrinolysis after major weight loss in obese subjects

Dyslipidaemia, Hypercoagulability and the Metabolic Syndrome

Obesity, haemostasis and the fibrinolytic system

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