Effect of a prewash on footbath contamination: a randomised control trial

Manning, Al; Mahendran, Sophie; Hurst, Bernadette; Blackmore, Tania; Bell, Nick

doi:10.1136/vr.103922

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…When only water was used, the positive effect of washing was no longer significant. However, no footbaths were used in the Thomsen study, and washing feet before footbathing may improve contact with the footbath solution (Watson, 2007) and reduce contamination (Manning et al, 2017). Unfortunately, as clinical cure rates of tetracycline, HealMax, and HoofSol appeared to be equivalent to the negative after wk 2, we are unable to determine whether this was due to hosing the feet in the parlor or natural lesion improvement, which can occur over the first 7 to 10 d without any treatment (Blowey and Sharp, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of effects of routine topical treatments in the milking parlor on digital dermatitis lesions

Jacobs

Orsel

Mason

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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Digital dermatitis (DD), an infectious bacterial disease affecting the feet of dairy cattle, can cause lameness and decrease milk production, fertility, and animal welfare. Current DD treatment typically involves routine hoof trimming and topical antibiotics. Several nonantibiotic commercial topical products are used for controlling DD lesions; however, there is limited or no evidence regarding their effectiveness. The objectives of this study were to evaluate 2 commercially available topical applications on their ability to (1) clinically cure active DD lesions to nonactive lesions and (2) prevent recurrence of active DD lesions. Ten farms were visited weekly. In the milking parlor, the hind feet of lactating cattle were cleaned and scored (M-stage scoring system). Cattle with DD lesions at the first visit were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatment groups: positive control (tetracycline solution), HealMax (AgroChem Inc., Saratoga Springs, NY), HoofSol (Diamond Hoof Care Ltd., Intracare BV, Veghel, the Netherlands), and a negative control (saline). All products were applied to lesions using a spray bottle. Tetracycline, HealMax, and HoofSol had a higher probability of clinical cure for active lesions compared with saline 1 wk after the first treatment (wk 1), with 69, 52, and 79% clinical cure of active lesions, respectively, compared with 34% with saline. At wk 7, the probability of clinical cure for active lesions was 10, 33, 31, and 45% of lesions treated weekly with saline, tetracycline, HealMax, and HoofSol, respectively (no difference among treatments). The substantial clinical cure with saline highlighted the potential importance of cleaning feet. In wk 1, treatment with saline, tetracycline, HealMax, and HoofSol resulted in a probability of recurrence of active DD lesions of 9, 11, 11, and 8%, respectively, with no product being superior to saline. After 7 wk, the probability of recurrence of active lesions was 5, 7, 6, and 6% for saline, tetracycline, HealMax, and HoofSol respectively, with no difference among groups in wk 7. These results provide alternatives to antibiotics for treatment of DD lesions and highlight the potential importance of cleaning feet in the milking parlor.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of effects of routine topical treatments in the milking parlor on digital dermatitis lesions

Jacobs

Orsel

Mason

et al. 2018

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…To our knowledge, similar results of using a prewash waterbath in sheep have not been described. In cattle, however, prewashing the claws with a waterbath is recommended ( 47 ), and it has been demonstrated that less organic matter was transferred into the disinfecting bath due to cleaner claws ( 48 ). The beneficial effect shown in the present study can be explained in two ways: first, the disinfectant solution gets in closer contact with the infected tissue when claws are clean ( 20 , 49 ) and second, the degree of inhibition of the disinfectant solution by organic matter is lower after effective prewashing ( 50 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field Validation of a Non-carcinogenic and Eco-Friendly Disinfectant in a Stand-In Footbath for Treatment of Footrot Associated With aprV2-Positive Strains of Dichelobacter nodosus in Swiss Sheep Flocks

Schmid

Steiner²,

Becker³

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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A national control program for virulent footrot is currently planned in Switzerland. Since commonly used disinfectants either contain heavy metals or are carcinogenic, the aim of this study was to verify the effectiveness of an eco-friendly and non-carcinogenic candidate disinfectant against aprV2-positive strains of Dichelobacter nodosus. Additionally, the effect of the selective use of long-acting oxytetracyclines was evaluated. A total of 18 farms with confirmed footrot infection, randomly allocated to two treatment groups: (1) with antibiotics (AB; n = 9) and, (2) no antibiotics (NAB; n = 9), were included. Claws were carefully trimmed and scored using a scale from 0 (clinically healthy) to 5 (complete loss of the horn capsule) and a prewash waterbath was implemented on 11 farms. Twice-weekly, repeated whole-flock stand-in footbaths with the candidate disinfectant (6%) were performed. Additionally, animals of group AB with a score ≥ 3 were administered oxytetracyclines by injection. On all farms, 10 days after last treatment, aprV2-positive strains could not be detected by risk-based sampling for real-time PCR analysis after 7–21 (median = 12) footbaths with a minimal culling rate of non-responders on nine farms. Farms without contact to other sheep remained without clinical signs of footrot for a minimum of 245 days (mean ± standard deviation: 293.6 ± 23.6). Antibiotic treatment did not reduce the number of footbaths needed. In contrast, a mean of 3.3 disinfecting footbaths could be saved by implementing a prewash waterbath. At animal level, individual and selective use of oxytetracyclines lead to a higher chance (odds ratio = 9.95; 95% CI: 3.54–27.95; p < 0.001) for a lesion score ≥ 3 to improve to a lesion score < 3 within 2 weeks compared to treatment without antibiotics. The test disinfectant is an effective and eco-friendly alternative for the planned Swiss footrot control program and selective use of oxytetracycline has a beneficial impact on the recovery of animals with lesion scores ≥ 3.

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“…Footbaths may play a significant role in the prevention of infectious hoof disease in confinement housed dairy herds. Beside the most effective antibacterial agent, footbath design and management, the use of a prewash and assessment of outcomes can influence the efficacy (4,14).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of a commercial glutaraldehyde footbath product for the control of bovine digital dermatitis

Krömker¹,

Paduch²,

Grabowski³

et al. 2018

Tierarztl Prax Ausg G

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Summary Objective: To evaluate the relative efficacy of a novel, commercially available disinfecting agent containing ≥ 15 to < 20 % glutaraldehyde in a hydro-colloid matrix (“EIMÜ Klauen Sprint®”; Eimermacher, Nordwalde, Germany, Biozid-Desinfektionsmittel, BAuA Nr. N-57213) as a walkthrough footbath in order to treat digital dermatitis of dairy cattle. Material and methods: The study was conducted in a dairy farm located in northern Germany from June 1st, 2015 to September 5th, 2015. Eighty-eight cows were enrolled in this study. In both trials of the study, a walkthrough footbath was applied on five consecutive milking times per week. Trial 1 was a blinded, randomised and controlled intervention study. The therapy group (n = 40) received the novel glutaraldehyde product in a 2 % solution while the control group (n = 40) was led through a footbath containing pure water. Trial 2 was a longitudinal study to investigate the development of claw health over a longer time period regarding the use of the new footbath solution. In trial 2 the disinfecting footbath was applied to all trial cows (therapy and control group) of trial 1. The development of claw health and lameness was systematically monitored in the two groups on days 0, 9, 17, 29, 35 (trial 1) and days 42, 68, 94 (trial 2), respectively. The adjusted odds of digital dermatitis lesions (DDL) throughout the study were analysed by mixed logistic regression models. Results: The odds of DDL were 0.15 for the glutaraldehyde foot-bath group compared to the control group. Hence, the disinfecting footbath significantly reduced the DDL prevalence and increased the cure rate of DDL. However, no preventive effect on new digital dermatitis (DD) cases could be identified. Conclusion: The efficacy of the novel glutaraldehyde footbath was evaluated and it was concluded that “EIMÜ Klauen Sprint®” was well tolerated over a longer period of time and might therefore be an effective tool to control DD. Clinical relevance: In future, „EIMÜ Klauen Sprint®“ could be used within a Mortellaro sanitation concept and thereby might help to solve a major problem of dairy cattle farms.

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Effect of a prewash on footbath contamination: a randomised control trial

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

Comparison of effects of routine topical treatments in the milking parlor on digital dermatitis lesions

Comparison of effects of routine topical treatments in the milking parlor on digital dermatitis lesions

Field Validation of a Non-carcinogenic and Eco-Friendly Disinfectant in a Stand-In Footbath for Treatment of Footrot Associated With aprV2-Positive Strains of Dichelobacter nodosus in Swiss Sheep Flocks

Efficacy of a commercial glutaraldehyde footbath product for the control of bovine digital dermatitis

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