Effect of a positive Sea Surface Temperature anomaly on a Mediterranean tornadic supercell

Miglietta, Mario Marcello; Bueso, Jordi Mazón; Motola, Vincenzo; Pasini, Antonello

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13170-0

Cited by 43 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…From a local influence perspective, clearer connections were obtained with respect to SST anomalies in the Bay of Biscay. In particular, the SST anomalies reveal their role as a significant factor of natural climate variability, modulating thermodynamic instability, and hence convective activity (Molina et al, 2016;Piazza et al, 2016;Wills et al, 2016;Miglietta et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to the NHTPs, we also analysed upstream anomalies of SST representing a significant contribution to the natural variability of the climate system which can locally modulate the atmospheric circulation, particularly in terms of moisture availability (e.g. Piazza et al, 2016;Miglietta et al, 2017). In our study, we used the NOAA Optimum Interpolation (OI) SST V2, which is interpolated from direct and indirect measurements on a global grid with a spatial resolution of 1 • × 1 • (Reynolds et al, 2002).…”

Section: Sea-surface Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of the temporal variability of thunderstorms in central and western Europe and the relation to large‐scale flow and teleconnection patterns

Piper

Kunz

Allen

et al. 2019

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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The driving factors that influence the spatial and annual variability of thunderstorms across Europe are still poorly understood. Due to a lack of long‐term, reliable and consistent information about the occurrence of convective storms, a weather type classification has been developed that estimates thunderstorm probability from a combination of appropriate meteorological quantities on the mesoscale. Based on this approach, the temporal and spatial variability of convection‐favouring environments is investigated between 1958 and 2014 using a high‐resolution reanalysis dataset. To identify potential drivers for convective days, typical upper‐level flow patterns were deduced using a multivariate approach. Our results suggest a strong link between local‐scale thunderstorm activity and large‐scale flow and air mass properties, such as stability, moisture, or vertical lifting. For example, while all over central Europe the most prominent pattern is given by a southwesterly flow type over the respective area, distinct regional discrepancies regarding further favourable flow types are observed. The crucial role of large‐scale flow is further studied by assessing the relation between Northern Hemisphere teleconnection patterns and widespread convective activity. It is found that positive phases of the East Atlantic or Scandinavian patterns go along with a significant enhancement of convection‐favouring conditions in several European regions, which can be explained by anomalies in the large‐scale temperature and flow fields. Sea‐surface temperature over the Bay of Biscay likewise impacts the convective environment, with the largest positive effect over the western part of the study area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sea-surface Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the temporal variability of thunderstorms in central and western Europe and the relation to large‐scale flow and teleconnection patterns

Piper

Kunz

Allen

et al. 2019

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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“…Over Europe, there has been recent examination on the variations in thunderstorm frequency induced by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and sea surface temperatures in the Mediterranean or the North Atlantic Ocean (e.g. Miglietta et al, ; Piper & Kunz, ). The NAO was found to have a significant impact on lightning probability with its negative (positive) phases generally favoring (reducing) convective activity (e.g.…”

Section: Climate Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Hail in the Earth System

Allen

Giammanco

Kumjian

et al. 2020

Reviews of Geophysics

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The processes leading to the development of hail and the distribution of these events worldwide are reviewed. Microphysical and physical characteristics of hail development are described to provide context of the notable gaps in our understanding of what drives hail to grow large, or what determines how it falls to the ground. Distributional characteristics of hail are explored, utilizing both surface observations of hailstones and remotely sensed observational data sets to identify opportunities and needs for new observations. These observational deficiencies contribute to our limited capacity to both forecast hail or its expected size and reduce the effectiveness of using favorable conditions for hail development as a proxy to frequency where observations are unavailable. Given the substantive influences of both climate variability and the changing Earth system on hail, the latest understanding of their contributions to risk are addressed. Applying this understanding of the distribution and physical characteristics of hail, the damage by hail to agriculture and insured property is assessed. Much remains unknown about the processes leading to hail growth and environmental controls on hail occurrence, size, and magnitude, particularly outside of the United States and Europe. A better understanding of the global occurrence of hail is also needed to better anticipate the hazard and associated impacts.

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“…The simulations showed that, together with the mesoscale environment, the convection triggered by the Sila mountain (Calabria region) was favourable to the development of the tornadic supercell. The positive sea surface temperature anomaly was also found to strongly affect the intensity of the supercell (Miglietta et al, ).…”

Section: Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An updated “climatology” of tornadoes and waterspouts in Italy

Miglietta

Matsangouras

2018

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Ten years of tornadoes (TR) and waterspouts (WS) in Italy are analysed in terms of geographical, seasonal, monthly, diurnal, and rating distribution. Starting from the European severe weather database, a comprehensive data set is developed for the period 2007–2016, which includes 707 WS and 371 TR. The category of WS includes many weak events but also some intense vortices, able to produce significant damages as they make landfall. WS develop mainly near the Italian coasts exposed to westerly flows (Tyrrhenian and Apulia region Ionian coast); 25% of them makes landfall and becomes TR. The majority of WS develops in autumn (43%), followed by summer (33%). The average density is 0.9 events per 100 km of coastline per year, although there is a strong subregional variation, with peaks of around 5 in some spots along the Tyrrhenian coast. TR originate from WS in about half of cases; the average density of TR is 1.23 events per 104 km2 per year, which is comparable with other Mediterranean regions. The occurrence of TR is more frequent in summer, followed by autumn; however, limiting the analysis to TR originated inland, the number of events is maximum in summer and late spring. The latter result suggests a distinction of “continental” cases, mainly affecting northern Italy in late spring and summer, and “maritime” cases, which affect mainly the peninsular regions in late summer and autumn. The highest density of TR was reported along the coasts of Lazio and Tuscany, in the Venetian plain, in the southern part of Apulia: in these regions, the density of events is comparable with that of the U.S. states with the highest TR rates. In contrast, the probability of significant TR in any Italian region is much smaller than that of the U.S. states with the highest risk.

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Effect of a positive Sea Surface Temperature anomaly on a Mediterranean tornadic supercell

Cited by 43 publications

References 46 publications

Investigation of the temporal variability of thunderstorms in central and western Europe and the relation to large‐scale flow and teleconnection patterns

Investigation of the temporal variability of thunderstorms in central and western Europe and the relation to large‐scale flow and teleconnection patterns

Understanding Hail in the Earth System

An updated “climatology” of tornadoes and waterspouts in Italy

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