Effect of a mixed-exercise program on physical capacity and sedentary behavior in older adults during cancer treatments

The effect of exercise-based interventions on health-related quality of life and physical function in older patients with cancer receiving medical antineoplastic treatments: a systematic review

“…The design and setup of the included studies are summarized in Table 1 . The studies were conducted in France [ 30 ], Canada [ 31 ], USA [ 32 ], and Japan [ 33 ], and published from 2014 to 2019. The studies were all RCTs, however, one study was a pilot RCT [ 32 ].…”

“…Two studies excluded patients who were already physically active [ 31 , 32 ], and two excluded patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) > 1 [ 33 ] and > 2 [ 30 ], respectively.…”

“…Meanwhile, only one study achieved the desired power [ 33 ], while two did not due to higher number of drop-outs [ 30 ], standard deviations and baseline differences [ 32 ] than expected. In one study, neither the primary outcome of interest nor a power calculation were described [ 31 ].…”

“…In both studies > 50% of the participants received systemic oncological treatments [ 30 , 33 ]. Maréchal et al [ 31 ] included patients who received systemic oncological treatment that was started ≤12 weeks, with no further details provided regarding treatment setting. Finally, Sajid et al [ 32 ] included patients with prostate cancer who were treated with androgen deprivation therapy for ≥ 3 months and with stable disease.…”

“…Interventions in the included studies were characterized by large differences. Two studies involved home-based and unsupervised interventions [ 30 , 32 ], one was fully supervised with a personal instructor [ 33 ], and one was both supervised and unsupervised [ 31 ]. The intervention in the study by Arrieta et al [ 30 ] contained individualized phone advice on both resistance and aerobic exercises with the aim to maintain fitness.…”