Effect of a Mineral–Microbial Deodorizing Preparation on the Functions of Internal Organs and the Immune System in Commercial Poultry

Kowalczyk, Joanna; Tykałowski, Bartłomiej; Smiałek, M; Stenzel, Tomasz; Dziewulska, Daria; Koncicki, A.

doi:10.3390/ani11092592

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 26 publications

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“…Pathways analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathways, which are all related to immune activities. Previous studies have shown that inappropriate temperature, humidity, and high ammonia concentration decreased the immune response of broiler chickens in closed houses [ 25 , 26 ]. LWCCS could cause uneven distribution of the environment in the duck house.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of longitudinal water curtain cooling system on transcriptome-related immunity in ducks

Hu,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

BMC Genomics

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Background The closed poultry houses integrated with a longitudinal water curtain cooling system (LWCCS) are widely used in modern poultry production. This study showed the variations in environmental conditions in closed houses integrated with a longitudinal water curtain cooling system. We evaluated the influence of different environmental conditions on duck growth performance and the transcriptome changes of immune organs, including the bursa of Fabricius and the spleen. Result This study investigated the slaughter indicators and immune organ transcriptomes of 52-day-old Cherry Valley ducks by analyzing the LWCC at different locations (water curtain end, middle position, and fan cooling end). The results showed that the cooling effect of the LWCCS was more evident from 10:00 a.m. -14:00. And from the water curtain end to the fan cooling end, the hourly average temperature differently decreased by 0.310℃, 0.450℃, 0.480℃, 0.520℃, and 0.410℃, respectively (P < 0.05). The daily and hourly average relative humidity decreased from the water curtain end to the fan cooling end, dropping by 7.500% and 8.200%, respectively (P < 0.01). We also observed differences in production performance, such as dressing weight, half-eviscerated weight, skin fat rate, and percentage of abdominal fat (P < 0.01), which may have been caused by environmental conditions. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed 211 and 279 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the ducks’ bursa of Fabricius and spleen compared between the water curtain end and fan cooling end, respectively. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis of the two organs showed the DEGs were mainly enriched in cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, integral component of membrane, Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) signaling pathway, etc. Our results implied that full-closed poultry houses integrated with LWCCS could potentially alter micro-environments (water curtain vs. fan cooling), resulting in ducks experiencing various stressful situations that eventually affect their immunity and production performance. Conclusion In this study, our results indicated that uneven distributions of longitudinal environmental factors caused by LWCCS would affect the dressed weight, breast muscle weight, skin fat rate, and other product performance. Moreover, the expression of immune-related genes in the spleen and bursa of ducks could be affected by the LWCCS. This provides a new reference to optimize the use of LWCCS in conjunction with close duck houses in practical production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of longitudinal water curtain cooling system on transcriptome-related immunity in ducks

Hu,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

BMC Genomics

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Effects of different lipid sources with or without a probiotic on gastrointestinal tract, immune system and blood parameters of chickens: An animal model

Poorghasemi,

Chamani,

Mirhosseini

et al. 2024

Lipids

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The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different lipid sources, with or without a probiotic, on the gastrointestinal tract, immune system and blood parameters of Ross 308 male chickens. In this study, 360 one‐day‐old chickens were randomly allotted to six treatments with six replicates. Experimental diets were: (1) control (CTL); (2) a diet containing 30 g/kg lipid from tallow (CTL+TLW); (3) a diet containing 30 g/kg lipid from soybean oil (CTL+SO); (4) the basal diet plus a probiotic (CTL+PRO), (5) a diet containing 30 g/kg tallow plus probiotic (TLW+PRO); and (6) a diet containing 30 g/kg soybean oil plus probiotic (SO+PRO). The percentage of liver and jejunum in the treatments that used tallow alone or tallow with probiotics had a significant increase as compared to the control. The villus height and crypt depth of the ileum and villus height/crypt depth in the treatments that used soybean oil and probiotic alone had a significant increase compared to the control. The weight of the spleen, bursa of Fabricius, and thymus in the treatments that used probiotics had a significant increase compared to the control. The amount of alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase as well as triacylglycerol in the treatment containing probiotic and its mixture with soybean oil had the least significant difference with the control. The results showed that the use of soybean oil, probiotics, and their mixture can improve intestinal morphology, strengthen the immune system, and reduce liver enzymes in chickens.

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Effect of a Mineral–Microbial Deodorizing Preparation on the Functions of Internal Organs and the Immune System in Commercial Poultry

Cited by 2 publications

References 26 publications

Impacts of longitudinal water curtain cooling system on transcriptome-related immunity in ducks

Impacts of longitudinal water curtain cooling system on transcriptome-related immunity in ducks

Effects of different lipid sources with or without a probiotic on gastrointestinal tract, immune system and blood parameters of chickens: An animal model

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