Effect of a low-glycemic-index diet during pregnancy on obstetric outcomes

Moses, Robert G.; Luebcke, Megan; Davis, Warren S.; Coleman, Keith J.; Tapsell, Linda C.; Petocz, Peter; Brand‐Miller, Jennie

doi:10.1093/ajcn/84.4.807

Cited by 194 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The composition of fetal fuel supply appears key to this association, and it is plausible that stronger effects of maternal pregnancy diet may be uncovered if analyses are extended to maternal glycaemic load and/or response, rather than diet composition itself (for example, see Moses et al 2006).…”

Section: Influence Of Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Programming of body composition by early growth and nutrition

Wells¹,

Chomtho²,

Fewtrell³

2007

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

392

301

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There is now compelling evidence that growth patterns in early life are associated with risk of the metabolic syndrome in adulthood, although the relative importance of prenatal v. postnatal growth for such associations remains controversial. Body composition may play a key role in the ‘programming’ of such diseases, through itself being programmed by early growth, and perhaps also by being a mediator of the programming process. Early studies reporting positive associations between birth weight and adult BMI suggested a tendency for large babies to become obese adults. Such findings appeared contradictory to the many studies linking low birth weight with increased risk of the metabolic syndrome. Recent studies now indicate that birth weight is strongly predictive of later lean mass, and has a much weaker association with later fatness. Studies that link low birth weight with a more central adipose distribution in later life remain controversial, and require confirmation using more sophisticated methodologies. Findings for infant growth rate appear population-specific, with infant weight gain predicting subsequent lean mass in developing countries, but predicting subsequent fat mass and obesity in industrialised populations. Further studies are required on this issue, to ensure that appropriate public health policies are recommended for countries across the range of economic development. Although the links between early growth and later disease risk implicate early-life nutrition, either in utero or during infancy, few prospective studies have explored the influence of early diet on later body composition. Many studies have associated breast-feeding with a reduced prevalence of obesity categorised by BMI; however, the few studies directly evaluating childhood fatness provide little support for this hypothesis. Recent advances in the ability to measure body composition during the infant period offer a major opportunity to improve the understanding of the nutritional programming of body composition and its contribution, or lack thereof, to subsequent disease risk.

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Section: Influence Of Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Programming of body composition by early growth and nutrition

Wells¹,

Chomtho²,

Fewtrell³

2007

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

392

301

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Dietary and lifestyle approaches to reduce glycaemia in all pregnant women are now recognised to be of paramount importance for both mother and child [81,92]. Intervention studies in women without gestational diabetes suggest that a low-GI diet consumed during pregnancy will reduce the risk of a large infant [93,94].…”

Section: Early Origins Of Obesity and Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal dietary approaches for prevention of type 2 diabetes: a life-course perspective

et al. 2010

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In recent years, several alternative dietary approaches, including high-protein and low-glycaemicload diets, have produced faster rates of weight loss than traditional low-fat, high-carbohydrate diets. These diets share an under-recognised unifying mechanism: the reduction of postprandial glycaemia and insulinaemia. Similarly, some food patterns and specific foods (potatoes, white bread, soft drinks) characterised by hyperglycaemia are associated with higher risk of adiposity and type 2 diabetes. Profound compensatory hyperinsulinaemia, exacerbated by overweight, occurs during critical periods of physiological insulin resistance such as pregnancy and puberty. The dramatic rise in gestational diabetes and type 2 diabetes in the young may therefore be traced to food patterns that exaggerate postprandial glycaemia and insulinaemia. The dietary strategy with the strongest evidence of being able to prevent type 2 diabetes is not the accepted low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet, but alternative dietary approaches that reduce postprandial glycaemia and insulinaemia without adversely affecting other risk factors.

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“…The results have consistently been promising, showing reductions in the rates of LGA birth and gestational diabetes. [91][92][93] However, data is available only in cohorts of fewer than 50 patients and sufficient data to recommend introduction of these measures on a larger scale is lacking. 44 Vitamin supplementation in overweight and obese pregnancy merits special consideration.…”

Section: Lipid Turnovermentioning

confidence: 99%