Effect of a low dose of intraduodenal fat on satiety in humans: studies using the type A cholecystokinin receptor antagonist loxiglumide.

Lieverse, R. J.; Jansen, J. B. M. J.; Masclee, Ad; Rovati, Lucio C.

doi:10.1136/gut.35.4.501

Cited by 95 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 38 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We and others have previously reported on the satiating effects of CCK. 13,19,[27][28][29] There is consensus that CCK suppresses food intake on the short term. Our study confirms the correlation between satiety scores and plasma CCK secretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ileal fat perfusion on satiety and hormone release in healthy volunteers

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: The ileal brake is a feedback mechanism activated by nutrients, especially fat, with marked effects on satiety. The effects of low doses of ileal fat on satiety are largely unknown. We therefore studied the effect of ileal vs oral delivery of low doses of fat on satiety and gut peptide secretion. Design: Randomized, single-blind crossover design. Subjects: Sixteen healthy, normal-weight volunteers (6 male; mean age 26 years, mean body mass index 22.4). Intervention: Participants were intubated with a 290-cm-long nasoileal tube and consumed, on 3 consecutive days, either a liquid breakfast with 3 g fat followed by an ileal placebo infusion at t ¼ 105-150 min (treatment C) or a fat-free liquid breakfast followed by an ileal infusion of either an emulsion of 3 g (treatment I3g) or 9 g (treatment I9g) fat (safflower oil). Measurements: Satiety parameters by visual analog scales and plasma concentrations of CCK and PYY. Results: C significantly increased satiety and CCK secretion compared with the fat-free breakfast. Ileal fat perfusion of both 3 and 9 g (I3g and I9g) significantly increased satiety during and after fat perfusion, without differences in satiety between I3g and I9g. During ileal fat infusion, CCK increased dose dependently, whereas PYY concentrations increased significantly only after 9 g of fat. Secretion of CCK but not of PYY correlated to satiety levels. Conclusion: Postprandial satiety following a liquid breakfast can be effectively and significantly increased by small amounts (as little as 3 g) of fat perfused into the ileum. Ileal fat dose-dependently increased CCK but not PYY secretion. The satiating effect of ileal fat may be partly mediated by CCK.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ileal fat perfusion on satiety and hormone release in healthy volunteers

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Intralipid is a soybean-based emulsion that consists of mainly LCFA (C16-C18). Infusion of Intralipid (20%) at the rate of 30 mL/h, which delivers 6 g/h lipids, into the duodenum effectively suppressed food intake and elevated plasma CCK in humans (9), providing evidence for a biological effect of this dose of Intralipid. In the current study, with intraduodenal infusion of Intralipid at this identical rate, no detectable effects on plasma glucose concentration or EGP were observed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The choice of infusion rate could not easily be extrapolated from previous rat studies. We chose to infuse Intralipid at a rate that has been demonstrated in humans to inhibit food intake and induce cholecystokinin (CCK) release (9), which is believed to mediate the gut-brain signaling effect in the regulation of satiety in humans (10,11). Higher doses of Intralipid could cause nausea and raise plasma FFA concentrations.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effect of Enteral Lipid Sensing on Endogenous Glucose Production in Humans

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Administration of lipids into the upper intestine of rats has been shown to acutely decrease endogenous glucose production (EGP) in the preabsorptive state, postulated to act through a gut-brain-liver axis involving accumulation of long-chain fatty acyl-CoA, release of cholecystokinin, and subsequent neuronal signaling. It remains unknown, however, whether a similar gutbrain-liver axis is operative in humans. Here, we infused 20% Intralipid (a synthetic lipid emulsion) or saline intraduodenally for 90 min at 30 mL/h, 4 to 6 weeks apart, in random order, in nine healthy men. EGP was assessed under pancreatic clamp conditions with stable isotope enrichment techniques. Under these experimental conditions, intraduodenal infusion of Intralipid, compared with saline, did not affect plasma glucose concentration or EGP throughout the study period. We conclude that Intralipid infusion into the duodenum at this rate does not elicit detectable effects on glucose homeostasis or EGP in healthy men, which may reflect important interspecies differences between rodents and humans with respect to the putative gut-brain-liver axis.Endogenous glucose production (EGP), mainly by the liver, plays an important role in regulating glucose homeostasis. In patients with type 2 diabetes, impaired insulin action in insulin-sensitive tissues such as the liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue contributes to hyperglycemia. Hepatic glucose production is inappropriately elevated and is a major determinant of fasting hyperglycemia in this condition (1).Studies in rodents suggest that EGP is subject to neuronal regulation involving nutrient sensing in the hypothalamus (2,3) and in the small intestine (4).Intraduodenal administration of lipids, particularly longchain fatty acids (LCFAs), has been shown to reduce food intake in both rodents and humans (5,6) and to suppress EGP profoundly and rapidly in rats under experimental conditions. EGP was suppressed by .50% during a 50-min intraduodenal infusion of Intralipid under conditions of a pancreatic insulin clamp, and plasma glucose concentration was lowered by ;20% 15 min after intraduodenal infusion of Intralipid in nonclamped conditions (4). This effect occurred prior to significant absorption of the lipids, as evidenced by the absence of elevations in plasma free fatty acid (FFA) or triglyceride (TG) levels (4). Based on studies in rats, upper intestinal lipid sensing lowers EGP via a gut-brain-liver axis (4,7,8). Since this occurred at a time when insulin levels at the liver were lower than would be present during a meal, the physiological role of this pathway in regulating glucose homeostasis during food consumption remains unclear.The role of upper intestinal lipid sensing and the potential existence of a gut-brain-liver axis in the regulation of glucose homeostasis have not previously been investigated in humans, hence the aim of the current study. We assessed EGP during infusion of either normal saline or Intralipid into the duodenum in healthy men. Intralipid is an emulsion consisting ...

show abstract

“…There is also evidence that fat affects the short-term control of food intake during a test meal (10). Intraduodenallyadministered fat has been shown to decrease food intake in rats (8) and pigs (11) as well as in human beings (16,28). The site of action for this satiating effect of fat is thought to be preabsorptive, since intravenous infusion of fat was found to have no effect on food intake (6,7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Intraduodenally Administered Enterostatin in Rats: Inhibition of Food

Mei

Erlanson–Albertsson

1996

Obesity Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

MEl, JIE AND CHARLOTTE ERLANSON-ALBERTSSON. Role of intraduodenally administered enterostatin in rats: inhibition of food intake. Obes Res. 1996;4:161-165. . Central and peripheral administration of enterostatin have been reported to reduce fat or high-fat food intake in rats. Enterostatin is formed in the intestinal lumen by tryptic cleavage of pancreatic procolipase during intraluminal fat digestion. The present experiments were designed to test if enterostatin following intraintestinal infusion would affect food intake in a similar way as intracerebraventricularly or intravenously administered enterostatin.Female Sprague-Dawley rats were fitted with a duodenal catheter and adapted to a feeding schedule for 6 hours each day. After 10 days enterostatin (5.65 and 11.3 nmol/kglmin) or saline were infused into the duodenum and food intake measured. Enterostatin significantly reduced high-fat food intake during the 6 hours of feeding, but had no inhibitory effect on low-fat food intake. Addition of tetracaine to the enterostatin infusates blocked the satiating potency of intestinal enterostatin. These results support the hypothesis of a preabsorptive site of action for enterostatin.

show abstract

Effect of a low dose of intraduodenal fat on satiety in humans: studies using the type A cholecystokinin receptor antagonist loxiglumide.

Cited by 95 publications

References 38 publications

Effect of ileal fat perfusion on satiety and hormone release in healthy volunteers

Effect of ileal fat perfusion on satiety and hormone release in healthy volunteers

Evaluation of the Effect of Enteral Lipid Sensing on Endogenous Glucose Production in Humans

Role of Intraduodenally Administered Enterostatin in Rats: Inhibition of Food

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About