Effect of a low-calorie high nutritional value formula on weight loss in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

We treated 96 obese diabetic subjects (BMI 33-44 kg/m 2 ) with a "package of interventions" including therapeutic education, regular follow-up at 15-day intervals and a hypocaloric diet of 60% of their daily needs, 20% at breakfast and 40% at each meal. At the beginning of the observation and after 3 and 6 months we checked certain baseline characteristics. All the subjects performed self blood glucose measurement (SMBG) 3 or 5 times a day and kept a log. After the first 3 months of observation (Phase 1) 18 were lost to follow-up and 40 who obtained a weight loss >5% of their initial BW continued on their diet (G-). The remaining 38 substituted a nutritionally rich hypocaloric meal (Glucerna ® SR) for 206 calories of one of the main meals (G+). During the following three months (Phase 2) all were treated with the package of interventions. The subjects treated with Glucerna ® SR had a more consistent weight loss and a more remarkable improvement of the parameters under evaluation, with greater statistical significance. With the logistic regression analysis the residual variance not explained by the weight loss was greater for the G+ group, which implies the existence of an additional beneficial effect of the formula used. Of great relevance is the observation that the G+ group had a reduction of the standard deviation of the SMBG data, thus suggesting a greater stability of the BG values in this group.

Glycemia Targeted Specialized Nutrition (GTSN) improves postprandial glycemia and GLP-1 with similar appetitive responses compared to a healthful whole food breakfast in persons with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, controlled trial

“…Glycemia-targeted specialized-nutrition has been demonstrated to provide metabolic benefits for people with diabetes as compared to standard nutritional formulas for glycemic control, GLP-1 response and weight loss [9,[16][17][18][19]22]. The current study is the first to indicate that GTSN formulas exert significantly lower postprandial glucose response as compared to a whole food breakfast (oatmeal) in people with T2DM.…”

“…GTSN formulas containing low glycemic index and slowly digested carbohydrates were shown to exert better glycemic management as compared to standard formulas [9,[14][15][16][17][18][19] when used as a meal or calorie replacement or as a dietary supplement as part of overall nutritional management of diabetes [reviewed in 16]. However, a comparison of the glycemic response of GTSN to other whole food breakfast choices has not been explored.…”

Effects of meal replacement therapy on metabolic outcomes in Thai patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial

“…A total sample size of at least 66 (33per group) achieved 80% power to detect a mean difference of 1.3% in HbA1c. This assumed a SD of 1.88 and correlation between measures of 0.8, with the significance level of 0.05 based on a study by Tatti et al (2010). To allow for a dropout rate of 20%, the total sample size for this study was 120 (60 per group).…”

Medical Foods: Science, Regulation, and Practical Aspects. Summary of a Workshop

“…In outpatients, use of a diabetes-specific nutritional formula can improve outcomes in patients with diabetes who are trying to lose weight ( 48 ). In patients with diabetes consuming these formulas, a mechanism for weight loss might be the stimulation of hormones such as peptide YY, or PYY (a strong satiety hormone), and amylin ( 49 ).…”