Effect of a Jurassic oceanic anoxic event on belemnite ecology and evolution

Ullmann, Clemens V.; Thibault, Nicolas; Ruhl, Micha; Hesselbo, Stephen P.; Korte, Christoph

doi:10.1073/pnas.1320156111

Cited by 83 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…This is consistent with the high evolutionary volatility of cephalopods and their sensitivity to environmental stress (Dera et al, 2010). During the crisis interval, belemnites undergo a shift in habitat, from cold bottom waters (Passaloteuthis) to warmer surface waters (Acrocoelites), possibly in response to bottom-water anoxia (Ullmann et al, 2014). As belemnites decrease in abundance, ammonites start to dominate, with the appearance of new genera of demersal Ammonitina and epipelagic Phylloceratina (Dera et al, 2010).…”

Section: Environmental and Biotic Change Through Timesupporting

confidence: 55%

“…However d 18 O, the proxy for seawater temperature during this interval (Bailey et al, 2003), is not one of the most important variables highlighted by our analyses. This may be further evidence that belemnite oxygen isotopes do not always reflect sea-surface temperatures, due to belemnite ecology or physiology, especially where there is an associated shift in habitat (Ullmann et al, 2014), or to the confounding effects of salinity on the d 18 O signature (Price et al, 2013). Alternatively, if seawater warming occurred over a period of ~0.7 m.y.…”

Section: Relationship Between Biotic and Environmental Changementioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental controls on Jurassic marine ecosystems during global warming

Danise¹,

Twitchett²,

Little³

2015

Geology

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The fossil record has the potential to provide valuable insights into species response to past climate change if paleontological data are combined with appropriate proxies of environmental change. Here we use a novel, multivariate approach that combines a suite of geochemical proxies with high-resolution quantitative macroinvertebrate fossil data to study responses to early Toarcian warming (ca. 183 Ma). We show that benthic and nektonic ecosystems became decoupled during warming and were driven by different environmental variables. Benthic turnover was mostly driven by variations in seawater dissolved oxygen concentration, whereas turnover among the nektonic cephalopods was primarily controlled by variations in weathering, nutrient runoff, and primary productivity. Although rapid warming has been invoked as the main trigger of this event, the paleotemperature proxy was a poor predictor of marine community dynamics, and abiotic factors indirectly linked to temperature were more important. Given that similar environmental changes characterize other episodes of global warming and are impacting present-day marine communities, we predict that similar ecological responses occurred during other past events and are a probable outcome of current changes.

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Section: Environmental and Biotic Change Through Timesupporting

confidence: 55%

Section: Relationship Between Biotic and Environmental Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental controls on Jurassic marine ecosystems during global warming

Danise¹,

Twitchett²,

Little³

2015

Geology

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“…To calculate palaeotemperature, it has been assumed that the δ 18 O values, and consequently the resultant curve, essentially reflect changes in environmental parameters (Saelen et al, 1996;Bettencourt and Guerra, 1999;McArthur et al, 2007;Price et al, 2009;Rexfort and Mutterlose, 2009;Benito and Reolid, 2012;Li et al, 2012;Harazim et al, 2013;Ullmann et al, 2014, Ullmann andKorte, 2015), as the sampled non-luminescent biogenic calcite of the studied belemnite rostra precipitated in equilibrium with the seawater.…”

Section: Equationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study by Ullmann et al (2014) hypothesizes that belemnites (Passaloteuthis) of the Lower Toarcian Tenuicostatum Zone had a nektobenthic lifestyle and once became extinct (as many organisms in the Early Toarcian mass extinction) were substituted by belemnites of the genus Acrocoelites supposedly with a nektonic lifestyle, which these authors attribute to anoxia.…”

Section: J J Gómez Et Al: Palaeoclimatic Oscillations In the Plienmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palaeoclimatic oscillations in the Pliensbachian (Early Jurassic) of the Asturian Basin (Northern Spain)

Gómez

Comas-Rengifo²,

Goy

2016

Clim. Past

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Abstract. One of the main controversial themes in palaeoclimatology involves elucidating whether climate during the Jurassic was warmer than the present day and if it was the same over Pangaea, with no major latitudinal gradients. There has been an abundance of evidence of oscillations in seawater temperature throughout the Jurassic. The Pliensbachian (Early Jurassic) constitutes a distinctive time interval for which several seawater temperature oscillations, including an exceptional cooling event, have been documented. To constrain the timing and magnitude of these climate changes, the Rodiles section of the Asturian Basin (Northern Spain), a well exposed succession of the uppermost Sinemurian, Pliensbachian and Lower Toarcian deposits, has been studied. A total of 562 beds were measured and sampled for ammonites, for biochronostratigraphical purposes, and for belemnites, to determine the palaeoclimatic evolution through stable isotope studies. Comparison of the recorded latest Sinemurian, Pliensbachian and Early Toarcian changes in seawater palaeotemperature with other European sections allows characterization of several climatic changes that are likely of a global extent. A warming interval partly coinciding with a δ 13 C bel negative excursion was recorded at the Late Sinemurian. After a "normal" temperature interval, with temperatures close to average values of the Late Sinemurian-Early Toarcian period, a new warming interval containing a short-lived positive δ 13 C bel peak, developed during the Early-Late Pliensbachian transition. The Late Pliensbachian represents an outstanding cooling interval containing a δ 13 C bel positive excursion interrupted by a small negative δ 13 C bel peak. Finally, the Early Toarcian represented an exceptional warming period, which has been pointed out as being responsible for the prominent Early Toarcian mass extinction.

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“…Because belemnites were nektobenthic cephalopods supposed to precipitate their rostra in equilibrium with ambient seawater, it is assumed that the isotopic oscillations mainly reflect temperature changes and fluctuations in the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) composition of epicontinental seawaters from ∼100 to ∼250 m in depth (19). Even if interspecific differences in metabolism, feeding behavior, or water depth may interfere with the isotopic climate response on short time scales (20), we suggest that the turnover of species through time has little to no influence on the long-term periodic patterns.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Orbital pacing of carbon fluxes by a ∼9-My eccentricity cycle during the Mesozoic

Martínez

Dera

2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

104

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Eccentricity, obliquity, and precession are cyclic parameters of the Earth's orbit whose climatic implications have been widely demonstrated on recent and short time intervals. Amplitude modulations of these parameters on million-year time scales induce "grand orbital cycles," but the behavior and the paleoenvironmental consequences of these cycles remain debated for the Mesozoic owing to the chaotic diffusion of the solar system in the past. Here, we test for these cycles from the Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous by analyzing new stable isotope datasets reflecting fluctuations in the carbon cycle and seawater temperatures. Our results document a prominent cyclicity of ∼9 My in the carbon cycle paced by changes in the seasonal dynamics of hydrological processes and long-term sea level fluctuations. These paleoenvironmental changes are linked to a great eccentricity cycle consistent with astronomical solutions. The orbital forcing signal was mainly amplified by cumulative sequestration of organic matter in the boreal wetlands under greenhouse conditions. Finally, we show that the ∼9-My cycle faded during the Pliensbachian, which could either reflect major paleoenvironmental disturbances or a chaotic transition affecting this cycle.orbital cycles | carbon cycle | paleoclimate | eustatism | Mesozoic

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Effect of a Jurassic oceanic anoxic event on belemnite ecology and evolution

Cited by 83 publications

References 26 publications

Environmental controls on Jurassic marine ecosystems during global warming

Environmental controls on Jurassic marine ecosystems during global warming

Palaeoclimatic oscillations in the Pliensbachian (Early Jurassic) of the Asturian Basin (Northern Spain)

Orbital pacing of carbon fluxes by a ∼9-My eccentricity cycle during the Mesozoic

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