Effect of a high protein/low glycaemic index diet on insulin resistance in adolescents with overweight/obesity—A <scp>PREVIEW</scp> randomized clinical trial

Dorenbos, Elke; Drummen, Mathijs; Adam, Tanja C.; Rijks, Jesse; Winkens, Björn; Martínéz, J. Alfredo; Navas‐Carretero, Santiago; Stratton, Gareth; Swindell, Nils; Stouthart, Pauline; Mackintosh, Kelly A.; McNarry, Melitta A.; Tremblay, Angelo; Fogelholm, Mikael; Raben, Anne; Westerterp-Plantenga, Margriet S.; Vreugdenhil, Anita

doi:10.1111/ijpo.12702

Cited by 9 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…As an example, a 2 years high protein/low glycaemic index dietary intervention showed no effect on the IR rate in European adolescents with overweight and obesity. 46 On the contrary, a recent study in pediatric Latino population evidence that a 12‐week nutritional and physical activity intervention improves the OGTT‐glucose phenotypes in adolescents with obesity. 47 In this way, further lifestyle trial studies could be considering the serum enzymatic amylase level to investigate whether amylase mediates the association of the lifestyle patterns with IR, insulin sensitivity, and/or β‐cell function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Although these are good, they have not been entirely efficient. As an example, a 2 years high protein/low glycaemic index dietary intervention showed no effect on the IR rate in European adolescents with overweight and obesity 46 . On the contrary, a recent study in pediatric Latino population evidence that a 12‐week nutritional and physical activity intervention improves the OGTT‐glucose phenotypes in adolescents with obesity 47 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Association of total and pancreatic serum amylase enzymatic activity with insulin resistance and the glucose and insulin responses to oral starch test in Mexican children

et al. 2022

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Summary Background/Objectives Little is known about the effect of serum amylase enzymatic activity on glucose metabolism. We investigated the association of serum amylase enzymatic activity with fasting plasma glucose, insulin resistance (IR), and the plasma glucose and insulin response to an oral starch test (OST) in Mexican children. Methods Anthropometric data, glucose and insulin levels, and the serum enzymatic activity of total (AMYt), salivary (AMY1), and pancreatic (AMY2) amylase were analysed in 764 children (Nnormal weight = 427/Nobesity = 337). After categorization into low (LA) and high (HA) AMYt, an OST with commercial white bread was performed in 39 children (Nnormal weight = 17/Nobesity = 22). Results A positive association between serum enzymatic activity of AMY2 and IR was observed in children with obesity (p = 0.018). Children with normal weight had lower plasma glucose and insulin response to OST than children with obesity (Pglucose = 4.1 × 10−12; Pinsulin = 2.1 × 10−15). Compared with the LA group, children with HA showed lower plasma glucose and insulin response to OST (Pglucose ≤ 0.040; Pinsulin ≤ 0.015). Conclusion Our results suggest that AMY2 is positively associated with IR. A high level of AMYt is related to lower glucose and insulin responses to OST in Mexican children, regardless of their weight status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Association of total and pancreatic serum amylase enzymatic activity with insulin resistance and the glucose and insulin responses to oral starch test in Mexican children

et al. 2022

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“…Regarding the role of protein content, one RCT investigated the effects of a high protein/low GI (25/45/30En% protein/carbohydrate/fat, GI < 50) compared to a medium protein/medium GI (15/55/30En% protein/carbohydrate/fat, GI ≥ 56) diet in adolescents with overweight/obesity and IR. After 2 years, no significant differences were observed between the two intervention groups regarding IR or parameters of glucose metabolism [ 152 ]. Due to poor retention rates and lack of dietary compliance, studies evaluating the effect of protein content on IR are still inconclusive [ 149 , 152 , 153 , 154 ].…”

Section: Nutritional Strategies For Modulation Of Insulin Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…After 2 years, no significant differences were observed between the two intervention groups regarding IR or parameters of glucose metabolism [ 152 ]. Due to poor retention rates and lack of dietary compliance, studies evaluating the effect of protein content on IR are still inconclusive [ 149 , 152 , 153 , 154 ].…”

Section: Nutritional Strategies For Modulation Of Insulin Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Healthy Lifestyle Strategies on the Management of Insulin Resistance in Children and Adolescents with Obesity: A Narrative Review

et al. 2022

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Childhood obesity is characterized by an increased risk of several metabolic derangements including insulin resistance (IR). The strongest recommendations to prevent obesity and related complications are a balanced and adequate diet and practicing physical activity from early childhood. In this review, we propose to present the effects of healthy lifestyle strategies, including physical exercise and dietary approaches, on the management of IR and related metabolic derangements. All types of exercise (aerobic, resistance and combined training) effectively reduce IR in pediatric patients with obesity; it seems that aerobic and combined training stimulate greater improvements in IR compared to resistance training. Balanced normocaloric or hypocaloric dietary approaches are also valid strategies to address IR; it is not possible to assess the long-term impact of varying macronutrients on cardiometabolic risk. The glycemic index/load evaluation is a useful dietary approach to glucose metabolism control. Similarly, they should adopt the principle of the Mediterranean diet. Randomized studies with longer monitoring are needed to define the benefits of nutritional supplementation on IR. Considering that healthy style acquisition could track to later ages, programs of healthy lifestyle starting with children offer a better preventive strategy to preserve metabolic control and children’s health.

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“…It was recently demonstrated that in obese/overweight adolescents, the lack of effect of a high-protein/low-glycemic index diet on BMI reduction and IR was mainly due to insufficient dietary compliance after 2 years [ 107 ].…”

Section: Therapeutic Strategies For Pediatric Obesity: the Lack Of Effectiveness Of Current Treatments In Weight Loss And Dysmetabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Derangement in Pediatric Patient with Obesity: The Role of Ketogenic Diet as Therapeutic Tool

et al. 2021

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Obesity is defined as a condition characterized by an excessive fat accumulation that has negative health consequences. Pediatric obesity is associated with an increased risk for many diseases, including impaired glycemic and lipidic control that may lead to the development of chronic, and potentially disabling, pathologies, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular events, in adult life. The therapeutic strategy initially starts with interventions that are aimed at changing lifestyle and eating behavior, to prevent, manage, and potentially reverse metabolic disorders. Recently, the ketogenic diet (KD) has been proposed as a promising dietary intervention for the treatment of metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors related to obesity in adults, and a possible beneficial role has also been proposed in children. KD is very low in carbohydrate, high in fat, and moderate to high in protein that may have the potential to promote weight loss and improve lipidic derangement, glycemic control, and insulin sensitivity. In this review, we present metabolic disorders on glycemic and lipidic control in children and adolescents with obesity and indication of KD in pediatrics, discussing the role of KD as a therapeutic tool for metabolic derangement. The results of this review may suggest the validity of KD and the need to further research its potential to address metabolic risk factors in pediatric obesity.

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Effect of a high protein/low glycaemic index diet on insulin resistance in adolescents with overweight/obesity—A PREVIEW randomized clinical trial

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Association of total and pancreatic serum amylase enzymatic activity with insulin resistance and the glucose and insulin responses to oral starch test in Mexican children

Association of total and pancreatic serum amylase enzymatic activity with insulin resistance and the glucose and insulin responses to oral starch test in Mexican children

The Effect of Healthy Lifestyle Strategies on the Management of Insulin Resistance in Children and Adolescents with Obesity: A Narrative Review

Metabolic Derangement in Pediatric Patient with Obesity: The Role of Ketogenic Diet as Therapeutic Tool

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