Effect of a high protein (meat) intake on calcium metabolism in man

Spencer, Herta; Kramer, Lois; Osis, Dace; Norris, C

doi:10.1093/ajcn/31.12.2167

Cited by 137 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In this study, male elderly volunteers had urinary calcium loss at levels similar to those described in the literature [13,14], which did not change during the period of calcium supplement or during the period of high-protein intake. Although the diet may have varied in some of its items, huge differences certainly did not occur and, as all subjects received biological protein with similar amounts of sulfur amino acids, diet variations had little or no influence on the results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…These high-protein diets have been shown to increase glomerular filtration rate and to reduce tubular calcium reabsorption, with the occurrence of hypercalciuria [11,12]. However, these findings could not be reproduced with a high-protein meat diet [13][14][15][16]. Also, most studies have been carried out in young subjects and the applicability of their results to the elderly population, on a mixed vegetable:animal high-protein diet remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urinary Calcium Loss in Elderly Menon a Vegetable:Animal (1:1)High-Protein Diet

Moriguti¹,

Ferriolli²,

Marchini³

1999

Gerontology

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Background: A high purified protein intake has been shown to induce urinary calcium loss. However, these findings could not be reproduced with a high-protein meat diet. Also, most studies have been carried out in young subjects and the applicability of their results to the elderly population on a mixed vegetable:animal diet remains unclear. Objectives: To study whether a mixed vegetable:animal high-protein intake increases urinary calcium loss in elderly volunteers, as has been shown for younger subjects on a purified high-protein intake. Methods: Eight male volunteers, with ages ranging from 66 to 88 years, recruited from the University Hospital Geriatric Medicine Outpatients Clinic, were studied. 24-hour urinary calcium, phosphorus, and creatinine were measured during a period of usual protein intake (approximately 0.6 g/kg/day) and during 7 days of vegetable:animal (1:1) high-protein intake (2 g/kg/day). Calcium and phosphorus intake were adjusted to be kept constant (1 g/day of each) during the whole study. Results: Mean calcium urinary levels did not change significantly during the study (1.89 and 1.83 mmol/24 h during the usual and high-protein diet, respectively). Urinary phosphorus and creatinine levels also remained stable throughout the entire study. Conclusions: This study has not detected any increased calcium urinary excretion in male elderly volunteers submitted to the mixed vegetable:animal high-protein diet. Therefore, it does not support the suggestion that a high-protein intake is a risk factor for urinary calcium loss in elderly men.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Calcium Loss in Elderly Menon a Vegetable:Animal (1:1)High-Protein Diet

Moriguti¹,

Ferriolli²,

Marchini³

1999

Gerontology

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“…For instance, the groups receiving higher protein diets generally also consume higher amounts of dietary phosphorus. Dietary phosphorus has been found to mitigate protein-induced hypercalciuria (46,47,52,53). It is suggested that the high phosphorus content of most foodstuffs containing dietary protein may inhibit protein-induced hypercalciuria and bone loss (12,52).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino acid supplementation alters bone metabolism during simulated weightlessness

Zwart¹,

Davis-Street²,

Paddon‐Jones³

et al. 2005

Journal of Applied Physiology

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rando, R. R. Wolfe, and S. M. Smith. Amino acid supplementation alters bone metabolism during simulated weightlessness. J Appl Physiol 99: 134 -140, 2005. First published February 3, 2005 doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01406.2004.-High-protein and acidogenic diets induce hypercalciuria. Foods or supplements with excess sulfurcontaining amino acids increase endogenous sulfuric acid production and therefore have the potential to increase calcium excretion and alter bone metabolism. In this study, effects of an amino acid/ carbohydrate supplement on bone resorption were examined during bed rest. Thirteen subjects were divided at random into two groups: a control group (Con, n ϭ 6) and an amino acid-supplemented group (AA, n ϭ 7) who consumed an extra 49.5 g essential amino acids and 90 g carbohydrate per day for 28 days. Urine was collected for n-telopeptide (NTX), deoxypyridinoline (DPD), calcium, and pH determinations. Bone mineral content was determined and potential renal acid load was calculated. Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase was measured in serum samples collected on day 1 (immediately before bed rest) and on day 28. Potential renal acid load was higher in the AA group than in the Con group during bed rest (P Ͻ 0.05). For all subjects, during bed rest urinary NTX and DPD concentrations were greater than pre-bed rest levels (P Ͻ 0.05). Urinary NTX and DPD tended to be higher in the AA group (P ϭ 0.073 and P ϭ 0.056, respectively). During bed rest, urinary calcium was greater than baseline levels (P Ͻ 0.05) in the AA group but not the Con group. Total bone mineral content was lower after bed rest than before bed rest in the AA group but not the Con group (P Ͻ 0.05). During bed rest, urinary pH decreased (P Ͻ 0.05), and it was lower in the AA group than the Con group. These data suggest that bone resorption increased, without changes in bone formation, in the AA group. bone resorption; methionine; n-telopeptide; acidosis; bed rest BONE LOSS AND FRACTURE RISK are significant concerns for astronauts and the general public. Diet can have a profound effect on acid-base balance of the body, which in turn could affect bone metabolism. Acid-base balance is determined mainly by the partial pressure of carbon dioxide and endogenous acid production from acid components in the diet (7, 21). Net endogenous acid production results from incomplete oxidation of organic acids and production of sulfuric acid by oxidation of sulfur-containing amino acids. In contrast, acid production can be neutralized by sources of bicarbonate in the diet or endogenous sources (7). Vegetables mainly provide base rather than acid precursors; they contain high concentrations of bicarbonate and other organic anions that can be converted to bicarbonate. Bicarbonate is one of the body's main buffering systems, and bone serves as a major body reservoir for bicarbonate (33).In vitro studies show that low pH induces bone resorption through a direct physiochemical effect as well as a cellular effect on bone (1). It is currently debated whether excess aci...

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“…Increased urinary calcium excretion was also observed in omnivorous than in vegetarian women (Ball and Maughan, 1997) or in subjects following an Atkins diet (Reddy et al, 2002). However, other studies reported no change in the level of urinary calcium with the consumption of high-meat diets compared with low-meat diets (Spencer et al, 1978(Spencer et al, , 1983(Spencer et al, , 1988. The hypercalciuric effect of HP diets certainly depends on the nature of the dietary protein, and food with HP contents, such as meat or dairy products, also contain components that limit urinary calcium excretion.…”

Section: Protein Intake Urinary Calcium and Acid Excretions And Calcmentioning

confidence: 95%

Protein intake, calcium balance and health consequences

et al. 2011

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High-protein (HP) diets exert a hypercalciuric effect at constant levels of calcium intake, even though the effect may depend on the nature of the dietary protein. Lower urinary pH is also consistently observed for subjects consuming HP diets. The combination of these two effects was suspected to be associated with a dietary environment favorable for demineralization of the skeleton. However, increased calcium excretion due to HP diet does not seem to be linked to impaired calcium balance. In contrast, some data indicate that HP intakes induce an increase of intestinal calcium absorption. Moreover, no clinical data support the hypothesis of a detrimental effect of HP diet on bone health, except in a context of inadequate calcium supply. In addition, HP intake promotes bone growth and retards bone loss and low-protein diet is associated with higher risk of hip fractures. The increase of acid and calcium excretion due to HP diet is also accused of constituting a favorable environment for kidney stones and renal diseases. However, in healthy subjects, no damaging effect of HP diets on kidney has been found in either observational or interventional studies and it seems that HP diets might be deleterious only in patients with preexisting metabolic renal dysfunction. Thus, HP diet does not seem to lead to calcium bone loss, and the role of protein seems to be complex and probably dependent on other dietary factors and the presence of other nutrients in the diet.

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Effect of a high protein (meat) intake on calcium metabolism in man

Cited by 137 publications

References 43 publications

Urinary Calcium Loss in Elderly Menon a Vegetable:Animal (1:1)High-Protein Diet

Urinary Calcium Loss in Elderly Menon a Vegetable:Animal (1:1)High-Protein Diet

Amino acid supplementation alters bone metabolism during simulated weightlessness

Protein intake, calcium balance and health consequences

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