Effect of a High-Monounsaturated Fat Diet Enriched With Avocado in NIDDM Patients

Lerman-Garber, Israel; Ichazo-Cerro, Sagrario; Zamora-González, José; Cardoso-Saldaña, Guillermo; Posadas‐Romero, Carlos

doi:10.2337/diacare.17.4.311

Cited by 93 publications

(66 citation statements)

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“…Our results on glycemia, plasma levels of fasting lipoproteins, and postprandial triglyceride levels differ from some, [5][6][7] but not all, [44][45][46] studies in patients with type 2 diabetes, which have reported higher plasma triglyceride, glucose, and insulin levels after a high-CHO than a high-Mono-fat diet. In these studies, subfractionation of postprandial lipoproteins and measurements of apoB in TRL subfractions were not carried out.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Differences in the Metabolism of Postprandial Lipoproteins After a High-Monounsaturated-Fat Versus a High-Carbohydrate Diet in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Georgopoulos

Bantle

Noutsou

et al. 1998

ATVB

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Abstract-There is little information comparing the effects of a high-monounsaturated (Mono)-fat versus a highcarbohydrate (CHO) diet in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. In the present study, the effects of these diets on a number of metabolic parameters were compared. Seventeen normolipidemic, nonobese patients with type 1 diabetes were provided with the diets for 4 weeks each in a randomized, crossover design. The percentages of Mono fat of the two diets were 25 Mono versus 9 CHO, with a corresponding total fat content of 40% versus 24% and a total CHO content of 45% versus 61%. At the end of each dietary period, parameters of glycemic control, coagulation factors, and fasting and postprandial lipoproteins were assessed. There were no differences in weight, glycemia, insulin dose, fasting lipid profile, or coagulation factors between the two diets. However, the metabolism of postprandial lipoproteins after a fat load differed; viz, after the Mono diet compared with the CHO diet, mean plasma triglyceride levels over 10 hours were higher (Pϭ.0025, by repeated-measures ANOVA). The levels of triglyceride (Pϭ.0045) and retinyl esters (Pϭ.0046) in chylomicrons (S f Ͼ400) and chylomicron remnants (S f 100 to 400) (Pϭ.0047 and Pϭ.043, respectively), and the total particle number (apolipoprotein B levels) in chylomicron remnants (Pϭ.001) and small, very low density lipoprotein (S f 20 to 100, Pϭ.016) were also higher. Our data suggest that in patients with type 1 diabetes, a CHO diet might be preferable to a Mono diet, since adherence to the former results in a lower number of circulating postprandial lipoprotein particles that are potentially atherogenic. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1998;18:773-782.)

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Differences in the Metabolism of Postprandial Lipoproteins After a High-Monounsaturated-Fat Versus a High-Carbohydrate Diet in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Georgopoulos

Bantle

Noutsou

et al. 1998

ATVB

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“…580,584,585,589 When high carbohydrate diets (>55% of energy) of average fi bre content (24 -35 g/day) are compared with lower carbohydrate diets rich in monounsaturated fatty acids but with equivalent fi bre, both diets lower LDL-C but the diets rich in monunsaturated fatty acids may lower triglyceride and VLDL-C levels more effectively in the short-term but without any difference in HbA1c. [590][591][592][593][594][595][596][597] (1++) These differences are not seen when the high carbohydrate diet is also lower GI. 335,563,570,575,598 Viscous non-starch polysaccharides (soluble fi bre), studied as a supplement or as a component of food (pectin, Beta-glucan from oats, psyllium, guar gum), lower postprandial blood glucose excursions in people with type 2 diabetes.…”

Section: Dietary Fibrementioning

confidence: 99%

Absolute risk of cardiovascular disease events, and blood pressure‐ and lipid‐lowering therapy in Australia

Banks

Crouch

Korda

et al. 2016

Medical Journal of Australia

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Objective: To quantify absolute cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and treatment in Australian adults. Design, participants: Cross‐sectional representative study of 9564 people aged 18 years or more who had participated in the 2011–12 Australian National Health Measures Survey (response rate for those aged 45–74 years: 46.5%). Main outcome measures: Prior CVD was ascertained and 5‐year absolute risk of a primary CVD event calculated (using the Australian National Vascular Disease Prevention Alliance algorithm; categories: low [< 10%], moderate [10–15%], and high [> 15%] risk) on the basis of data on medical history, risk factors and medications, derived from interviews, physical measurements, and blood and urine samples. Results: Absolute CVD risk increased with age and was higher among men than women. Overall, 19.9% (95% CI, 18.5–21.3%) of Australians aged 45–74 years had a high absolute risk of a future CVD event (an estimated 1 445 000 people): 8.7% (95% CI, 7.8–9.6%) had prior CVD (estimated 634 000 people) and 11.2% (95% CI, 10.2–12.2%) had high primary CVD risk (estimated 811 000 people). A further 8.6% (95% CI, 7.4–9.8%, estimated 625 000) were at moderate primary CVD risk. Among those with prior CVD, 44.2% (95% CI, 36.8–51.6%) were receiving blood pressure‐ and lipid‐lowering medications, 35.4% (95% CI, 27.8–43.0%) were receiving only one of these, and 20.4% (95% CI, 13.9–26.9%) were receiving neither. Corresponding figures for high primary CVD risk were 24.3% (95% CI, 18.3–30.3%); 28.7% (95% CI, 22.7–34.7%); and 47.1% (95% CI, 39.9–54.3%). Conclusions: About one‐fifth of the Australian population aged 45–74 years (about 1.4 million individuals) were estimated to have a high absolute risk of a future CVD event. Most (estimated 970 000) were not receiving currently recommended combination blood pressure‐ and lipid‐lowering therapy, indicating substantial potential for health gains by increasing routine assessment and treatment according to absolute CVD risk.

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“…Insulin resistance and its associated dyslipidemia (high triglyceride, low HDL) have been shown to be more marked on a high-carbohydrate diet compared with a diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (38,39,(70)(71)(72)(73)(74)(75)(76)(77). In individuals with diabetes, glycemic control may also be adversely influenced and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 levels are increased, suggesting an increased thrombogenic tendency (77).…”

Section: Carbohydrate Fiber and Glycemic Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thematic review series: Patient-Oriented Research. Nutritional determinants of insulin resistance

McAuley

Mann

2006

Journal of Lipid Research

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Interpreting the literature relating to the nutritional determinants of insulin resistance is complicated by the wide range of methods used to determine insulin sensitivity. Excess adiposity is unquestionably the most important determinant of insulin resistance, although the effect may be tempered by a relatively high proportion of lean body mass. Weight loss is associated with improved insulin sensitivity. Thus, diet-related factors that promote excessive energy intake may be regarded as promoters of insulin resistance. In the context of energy balance, diets characterized by high intakes of saturated fat and low intakes of dietary fiber are associated with reduced insulin sensitivity. Total fat intakes greater than the usually consumed range appear to promote insulin resistance, although the relative proportions of total fat and carbohydrate within the usual range appear unimportant. Monounsaturated fatty acids with a cis configuration and fiber-rich carbohydrate foods appear to be appropriate substitutes for saturated fatty acids and rapidly digested glycemic carbohydrates. In animal studies, n-3 unsaturated fatty acids have been shown to enhance insulin sensitivity and fructose and sucrose to increase insulin resistance. However, human data are limited. Large prospective studies currently being conducted should confirm the most appropriate macronutrient composition of diets for preventing and treating insulin resistance as well as establishing whether a range of candidate genes explains the variation in response to dietary change.-McAuley, K., and J. Mann. Nutritional determinants of insulin resistance.

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Effect of a High-Monounsaturated Fat Diet Enriched With Avocado in NIDDM Patients

Cited by 93 publications

References 0 publications

Differences in the Metabolism of Postprandial Lipoproteins After a High-Monounsaturated-Fat Versus a High-Carbohydrate Diet in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Differences in the Metabolism of Postprandial Lipoproteins After a High-Monounsaturated-Fat Versus a High-Carbohydrate Diet in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Absolute risk of cardiovascular disease events, and blood pressure‐ and lipid‐lowering therapy in Australia

Thematic review series: Patient-Oriented Research. Nutritional determinants of insulin resistance

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