Effect of a gluteal activation warm-up on explosive exercise performance

Parr, Matt; Price, Phil; Cleather, Daniel J.

doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2017-000245

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Similarly, we have recently successfully employed the same musculoskeletal model as in this study to report the effects of an acute intervention on muscular forces during explosive activity. 58 Taken together, these studies therefore demonstrate the unique sensitivity and potential for musculoskeletal models to improve the understanding of problems with clinical relevance. However, to date, we have only used this model to study differences at the cohort level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Effects of an 8-week strength training intervention on tibiofemoral joint loading during landing: a cohort study

Czasche

Goodwin

Bull

et al. 2018

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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ObjectivesTo use a musculoskeletal model of the lower limb to evaluate the effect of a strength training intervention on the muscle and joint contact forces experienced by untrained women during landing.MethodsSixteen untrained women between 18 and 28 years participated in this cohort study, split equally between intervention and control groups. The intervention group trained for 8 weeks targeting improvements in posterior leg strength. The mechanics of bilateral and unilateral drop landings from a 30 cm platform were recorded preintervention and postintervention, as was the isometric strength of the lower limb during a hip extension test. The internal muscle and joint contact forces were calculated using FreeBody, a musculoskeletal model.ResultsThe strength of the intervention group increased by an average of 35% (P<0.05; pre: 133±36 n, post: 180±39 n), whereas the control group showed no change (pre: 152±36 n, post: 157±46 n). There were only small changes from pre-test to post-test in the kinematics and ground reaction forces during landing that were not statistically significant. Both groups exhibited a post-test increase in gluteal muscle force during landing and a lateral to medial shift in tibiofemoral joint loading in both landings. However, the magnitude of the increase in gluteal force and lateral to medial shift was significantly greater in the intervention group.ConclusionStrength training can promote a lateral to medial shift in tibiofemoral force (mediated by an increase in gluteal force) that is consistent with a reduction in valgus loading. This in turn could help prevent injuries that are due to abnormal knee loading such as anterior cruciate ligament ruptures, patellar dislocation and patellofemoral pain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Effects of an 8-week strength training intervention on tibiofemoral joint loading during landing: a cohort study

Czasche

Goodwin

Bull

et al. 2018

BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med

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“…The test–retest reliability of FreeBody at the group mean level is particularly important to establish in order to support the use of the model in research which is based on comparing the group mean waveforms of two or more different groups or cohorts—which is often the approach taken in musculoskeletal modeling research. For instance, FreeBody has been used in two recent research projects that sought to quantify the effects of acute (Parr et al, 2017 ) and chronic (Czasche et al, 2017 ) exercise interventions on muscle and joint contact forces. Both of these previous studies demonstrated differences in the group mean waveforms pre and post intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the inter-session reliability of FreeBody is currently unknown. In recent years, FreeBody has been used to evaluate the effect of acute and chronic exercise interventions and the model has demonstrated differences in muscle and joint contact forces pre and post intervention(Czasche et al, 2017 ; Parr et al, 2017 ). The aim of this study was, therefore, to assess the reliability of the FreeBody model in order to add support to this previous research and to evaluate the use of FreeBody at the cohort level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability and Minimal Detectable Change Values for Predictions of Knee Forces during Gait and Stair Ascent Derived from the FreeBody Musculoskeletal Model of the Lower Limb

Price

Gissane

Cleather

2017

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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FreeBody is a musculoskeletal model of the lower limb used to calculate predictions of muscle and joint contact forces. The validation of FreeBody has been described in a number of publications; however, its reliability has yet to be established. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to establish the test–retest reliability of FreeBody in a population of healthy adults in order to add support to previous and future research using FreeBody that demonstrates differences between cohorts after an intervention. We hypothesized that test–retest estimations of knee contact forces from FreeBody would demonstrate a high intra-class correlation. Kinematic and kinetic data from nine older participants (4 men: mean age = 63 ± 11 years; 5 women: mean age = 49 ± 4 years) performing level walking and stair ascent was collected on consecutive days and then analyzed using FreeBody. There was a good level of intra-session agreement between the waveforms for the individual trials of each activity during testing session 1 (R = 0.79–0.97). Similarly, overall there was a good inter-session agreement within subjects (R = 0.69–0.97) although some subjects showed better agreement than others. There was a high level of agreement between the group mean waveforms of the two sessions for all variables (R = 0.882–0.997). The intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) were very high for peak tibiofemoral joint contact forces (TFJ) and hamstring forces during gait, for peak patellofemoral joint contact forces and quadriceps forces during stair ascent and for peak lateral TFJ and the proportion of TFJ accounted for by the medial compartment during both tasks (ICC = 0.86–0.96). Minimal detectable change (MDC) of the peak knee forces during gait ranged between 0.43 and 1.53 × body weight (18–170% of the mean peak values). The smallest MDCs were found for medial TFJ share (4.1 and 5.8% for walking and stair ascent, respectively, or 4.8 and 6.7% of the mean peak values). In conclusion, the results of this study support the use of FreeBody to investigate the effect of interventions on muscle and joint contact forces at the cohort level, but care should be taken if using FreeBody at the subject level.

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“…Cleather 7 sensitivity to some of the key assumptions on which it is based (Cleather and Bull, 2010a, 2010bSouthgate et al, 2012) and it has been used to study the effect of exercise interventions on subsequent athletic performance (Czasche et al, 2017;Parr et al, 2017). To this end, only a brief description of the model is provided here, and the interested reader is directed to the previously cited publications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An important role of the biarticular hamstrings is to exert internal/external rotation moments on the tibia during vertical jumping

Cleather

2018

Journal of Theoretical Biology

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Most research considering biarticular muscle function has tended to focus on the sagittal plane. Instead, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the internal/external rotation moment arms of the biarticular muscles of the knee, and then to explore their function. The FreeBody musculoskeletal model of the lower limb was used to calculate the moment arms and moments that each of the muscles of the knee exerted on the proximal tibia of 12 athletic males during vertical jumping. Biceps femoris and tensor fascia latae were external rotators of the tibia, whereas semimembranosus, semitendinosus, sartorius, gracilis, popliteus and the patellar tendon were internal rotators. The magnitudes of the internal/external rotation and flexion moments exerted on the tibia by the biarticular hamstrings were similar, suggesting that the creation of internal/external rotation is a key aspect of their role. One potential reason is to stabilise the tibia during femoral extension (and it is argued that it may be helpful to characterise the creation of active joint stability as the stabilisation of one segment during the rotation of an adjacent segment). A second explanation may be to mechanically couple hip abduction when the hip is flexed with internal rotation of the tibia.

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Effect of a gluteal activation warm-up on explosive exercise performance

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of an 8-week strength training intervention on tibiofemoral joint loading during landing: a cohort study

Effects of an 8-week strength training intervention on tibiofemoral joint loading during landing: a cohort study

Reliability and Minimal Detectable Change Values for Predictions of Knee Forces during Gait and Stair Ascent Derived from the FreeBody Musculoskeletal Model of the Lower Limb

An important role of the biarticular hamstrings is to exert internal/external rotation moments on the tibia during vertical jumping

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