Effect of a garlic and citrus extract supplement on performance, rumen fermentation, methane production, and rumen microbiome of dairy cows

Khurana, Rohinish; Brand, Tassilo; Tapio, Ilma; Bayat, Ali

doi:10.3168/jds.2022-22838

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the potential of garlic products and citrus extracts to modulate the rumen microbiome and fermentation, particularly by increasing the production of total VFA, propionate and butyrate [ 15 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. In a recently published study, feeding GCE tended to increase the proportion of propionate and reduce the acetate-to-propionate ratio, which was accompanied by changes in the rumen microbiota with a higher relative abundance of Succinivibrionaceae [ 14 ]. The potential effect of GCE to increase VFA production could enhance the metabolizable energy supply, resulting in improved milk production [ 33 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have demonstrated the enteric methane mitigation effect of feeding a garlic and citrus extract (GCE) supplement to dairy cows, sheep and beef cattle [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Supplementing GCE in a total mixed ration (TMR) has been shown to increase the milk yield and feed efficiency of dairy cows [ 11 ], potentially through positive modulation of rumen fermentation, which increases the production of volatile fatty acids (VFA) [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study demonstrated that GCE supplementation also influenced changes in rumen microbiota and fermentation which led to a decrease in the molar ratio of acetate to propionate. Moreover, GCE supplementation has been linked to a greater abundance of the Succinivibrionaceae family and an inhibitory effect on the methanogens Methanobrevibacter genus [ 14 ]. However, no studies have been conducted to examine the effect of GCE supplementation on the production performance of dairy cows in grassland-based systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of a Garlic and Citrus Extract Supplement on the Lactation Performance and Carbon Footprint of Dairy Cows under Grazing Conditions in Chile

Khurana,

Salami,

Poblete

et al. 2024

Animals

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Two trials were conducted to evaluate the effect of a garlic and citrus extract supplement (GCE) on the milk production performance and carbon footprint of grazing dairy cows in a Chilean commercial farm. A total of 36 early- to mid-lactation and 54 late-lactation Irish Holstein-Friesian cows were used in Trial 1 and Trial 2, respectively. In both trials, the cows were reared under grazing conditions and offered a supplementary concentrate without or with GCE (33 g/cow/d) for 12 weeks. The concentrate was fed in the afternoon when the cows visited the milking parlour. Consequently, the results of milk production performance in these trials were used to determine the effect of feeding with GCE on the carbon footprint (CFP) of milk using a life cycle assessment (LCA) model. In Trial 1 and Trial 2, feeding with GCE increased estimated dry matter intake (DMI, kg/d) by 8.15% (18.4 vs. 19.9) and 15.3% (15.0 vs. 17.3), energy-corrected milk (ECM, kg/d) by 11.4% (24.5 vs. 27.3) and 33.5% (15.5 vs. 20.7), and feed efficiency (ECM/DMI) by 3.03% (1.32 vs. 1.36) and 17.8% (1.01 vs. 1.19), respectively. The LCA revealed that feeding with GCE reduced the emission intensity of milk by 8.39% (1.55 vs. 1.42 kg CO2-eq/kg ECM). Overall, these results indicate that feeding with GCE improved the production performance and CFP of grazing cows under the conditions of the current trials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of a Garlic and Citrus Extract Supplement on the Lactation Performance and Carbon Footprint of Dairy Cows under Grazing Conditions in Chile

Khurana,

Salami,

Poblete

et al. 2024

Animals

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…Under normal circumstances, adding food or industrial by-products to an animal's diet may not significantly affect the animal's performance. This could be because the content of various active or nutritional components in the by-products does not reach concentrations that have a noticeable effect (Sarker et al, 2022;Khurana et al, 2023). Previous studies have indicated that the use of tea and its by-products in monogastric animals can significantly improve their production performance, such as increasing egg production rate, egg weight, and other factors (Wang et al, 2018;Chen et al, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dried tea residue can alter the blood metabolism and the composition and functionality of the intestinal microbiota in Hu sheep

Guo,

Yu,

Cao

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Ruminant animals face multiple challenges during the rearing process, including immune disorders and oxidative stress. Green tea by-products have gained widespread attention for their significant immunomodulatory and antioxidant effects, leading to their application in livestock production. In this study, we investigated the effects of Dried Tea Residue (DTR) as a feed additive on the growth performance, blood biochemical indicators, and hindgut microbial structure and function of Hu sheep. Sixteen Hu sheep were randomly divided into two groups and fed with 0 and 100 g/d of DTR, respectively. Data were recorded over a 56-day feeding period. Compared to the control group, there were no significant changes in the production performance of Hu sheep fed with DTR. However, the sheep fed with DTR showed a significant increase in IgA (p < 0.001), IgG (p = 0.005), IgM (p = 0.003), T-SOD (p = 0.013), GSH-Px (p = 0.005), and CAT (p < 0.001) in the blood, along with a significant decrease in albumin (p = 0.019), high density lipoprotein (p = 0.050), and triglyceride (p = 0.021). DTR supplementation enhanced the fiber digestion ability of hindgut microbiota, optimized the microbial community structure, and increased the abundance of carbohydrate-digesting enzymes. Therefore, DTR can be used as a natural feed additive in ruminant animal production to enhance their immune and antioxidant capabilities, thereby improving the health status of ruminant animals.

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“…Natural-product-based methane inhibitors, such as essential oil blends, endeavor to amplify efficacy through the combination of diverse plant secondary metabolites. Commercial products, such as Agolin and Mootral have demonstrated significant methane reduction in sheep [ 64 ] and dairy cattle [ 65 ], albeit with limited effectiveness in beef cattle [ 66 ]. Highly permeable plant secondary metabolites could potentially influence ruminal ciliate and methanogen populations [ 67 ], although a meta-analysis suggested inconsistent effects on ruminal ciliates reduction through essential oil blends [ 68 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

— Invited Review — Ruminal ciliates as modulators of the rumen microbiome

Park

2024

Anim Biosci

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Ruminal ciliates are a fundamental constituent within the rumen microbiome of ruminant animals. The complex interactions between ruminal ciliates and other microbial guilds within the rumen ecosystems are of paramount importance for facilitating the digestion and fermentation processes of ingested feed components. This review underscores the significance of ruminal ciliates by exploring their impact on key factors, such as methane production, nitrogen utilization efficiency, feed efficiency, and other animal performance measurements. Various methods are employed in the study of ruminal ciliates including culture techniques and molecular approaches. This review highlights the pressing need for further investigations to discern the distinct roles of various ciliate species, particularly relating to methane mitigation and the enhancement of nitrogen utilization efficiency. The promotion of establishing robust reference databases tailored specifically to ruminal ciliates is encouraged, alongside the utilization of genomics and transcriptomics that can highlight their functional contributions to the rumen microbiome. Collectively, the progressive advancement in knowledge concerning ruminal ciliates and their inherent biological significance will be helpful in the pursuit of optimizing rumen functionality and refining animal production outcomes.

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Effect of a garlic and citrus extract supplement on performance, rumen fermentation, methane production, and rumen microbiome of dairy cows

Cited by 8 publications

References 72 publications

Effect of a Garlic and Citrus Extract Supplement on the Lactation Performance and Carbon Footprint of Dairy Cows under Grazing Conditions in Chile

Effect of a Garlic and Citrus Extract Supplement on the Lactation Performance and Carbon Footprint of Dairy Cows under Grazing Conditions in Chile

Dried tea residue can alter the blood metabolism and the composition and functionality of the intestinal microbiota in Hu sheep

— Invited Review — Ruminal ciliates as modulators of the rumen microbiome

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