Effect of a cordless retraction paste material on implant surfaces: an in vitro study

Abstract

Cordless retraction paste material for gingival retraction in implant dentistry has recently become of interest to the clinician. However, few studies have been conducted on the use of retraction pastes and their possible interaction with implant surfaces. This in vitro study evaluated the effect of a cordless retraction paste material, Expasyl  (Acteon), on TiUnite  (Nobel Biocare) implant surfaces. Three areas of the fixtures were evaluated before and after contact with the retraction paste using scanning electron microscopy to evaluate changes in surface topography and energy-dispersive spectroscopy to identify any surface chemistry modifications. Alteration of the initial surface after exposure to Expasyl  was identified, with the implant collar showing the most changes.

Effect of a cordless retraction paste on titanium surface: a topographic, chemical and biocompatibility evaluation

“…Minimal alterations to surface morphology after contact with Expasyl  (Acteon) were observed in SEM images, which partially supports the findings by Chang et al 5 The only change was observed at ×5000 magnification, where "white" particles were visible on the surface. However, this was not replicated in all images of the exposed disks (Southern Implant).…”

“…After exposure to Expasyl  (Acteon), EDS measurements indicated that silicon was present, but only at levels near the instrumental detection limit, an observation consistent with the findings of Chang et al 5 Because the EDS silicon data was only con- Si/Ti, p < 0.05. sidered to be indicative, LA-ICP-MS was employed to fully quantify elemental abundances owing to its sensitivity and spatial resolution. 14 The EDS showed that titanium and some aluminium were present before the disk (Southern Implant) was exposed.…”

“…The presence of aluminium was accounted for by its addition used to modify the surface to enhance osseointegration. 3,5 LA-ICP-MS analysis of the disks showed a predominance of titanium and aluminium counts before treatment with Expasyl  (Acteon). Aluminium, which is present in both the unexposed disk surfaces and in the Expasyl  paste (Acteon), varied within and between sample groups (exposed and control).…”

“…12 A confocal microscope was used to detect the (Acteon) material in vivo (143 kPa), 13 a weight of 225 g was applied to the paste during contact with the disk. Following the protocol established by Chang et al 5 , each disk was rinsed twice with distilled water and spray set at 50 psi for two minutes. All these procedures were carried out in a sterile environment, with sterile plastic equipment to avoid any contamination of the disks.…”

“…According to Chang et al 5 traces of retraction paste remain on implant surfaces even after two rinses with distilled water. Further research is required to quantify the amount and effect of these remnants on implant surface biocompatibility.…”