Effect of a Continuously Regenerating Diesel Particulate Filter on Non-Regulated Emissions and Particle Size Distribution

Hawker, Pelham; Hüthwohl, G.; Henn, Jürgen; Koch, Wolfgang; Lüders, Hartmut; Lüers, Bernhard; Stommel, Peter

doi:10.4271/980189

Cited by 46 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Although bimodal distributions have been reported by several authors (Graskow et al 1999;Abdul-Khalek et al 1998;Johnson 1992, 1996;Pagan 1999;Hawker et al 1998), others have found only a single mode within the same diameter range (Greenwood et al 1996;Rickeard et al 1996;Hammerle et al 1994;Lepperhoff et al 1994;Gruber and Klawatsch 1999). However, it still has not been proved whether such disagreement is due to different tested engines and operation conditions or to different sampling methodologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Diesel Particle Size Distribution Estimation from Digital Image Analysis

Lapuerta

Armas

Gómez

2003

Aerosol Science and Technology

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One of the most serious problems associated with Diesel engines is pollutant emissions, specially nitrogen oxides and particulate matter. However, although current emissions standards in Europe and America with regard to light vehicles and heavy duty engines refer to the particulate limit in mass units, there has been increasing concern of late to know the size and number of particles emitted by engines. This interest has been promoted by the latest studies about the harmful effects of particles on health and is enhanced by recent changes in internal combustion engine technology. This study is focused on the implementation of a method to determine the particle size distribution that could be appropriate for the current methodology of vehicle certification in Europe. This method uses an automated Digital Image Analysis Algorithm (DIAA) to determine particle size trends from Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images of filters charged in a partial dilution system used for measuring specific particulate emissions. The experimental work was performed on a stationary electric generation direct injection Diesel engine with 0.5 MW (671 hp) rated power, which is considered as a typical engine in middle power industries. Particulate size distributions obtained using DIAA were compared with distributions obtained using an Optical Particle Counter (OC) and a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS), the latter currently considered as the most reliable technique. Although the number concentration detected by this method does not represent the real flowing particle concentration, the algorithm gives a fair reproduction of the trends observed with on-line techniques (SMPS and OC) when the engine load is varied.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Diesel Particle Size Distribution Estimation from Digital Image Analysis

Lapuerta

Armas

Gómez

2003

Aerosol Science and Technology

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“…Majority of PM emitted from diesel engines are nanoparticles, largely consisting of carbon soot, condensed ash from the lubricating oil, condensate of HC and sulfuric acid, and also substantial amount of metallic compounds [3][4][5]. With regard to the control of PM emitted from diesel engines, a variety of diesel particulate filters (DPF) have been developed in the last decade which essentially rely on the basic principle of collection of the particles on a substrate and their simultaneous oxidation [6][7][8]. Yet, there are concerns regarding particulate capturing efficiency and regeneration of these filters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of surface functionalized activated carbon fiber for control of NO and particulate matter

Rathore

Srivastava

Agarwal

et al. 2010

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…Because diesel exhaust consists mainly of NO (Heywood 1988 ), an oxidation catalyst (typically platinum based) is needed to form NO 2 . They later use this catalyst for continuously regenerated DPF operation in which deposit is constantly being regenerated by NO 2 during its operation (Hawker et al 1998 ).…”

Section: Species Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalyzed diesel particulate filter modeling

Koltsakis

Haralampous

Depcik

et al. 2013

Reviews in Chemical Engineering

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An increasing environmental concern for diesel particulate emissions has led to the development of efficient and robust diesel particulate filters (DPF). Although the main function of a DPF is to filter solid particles, the beneficial effects of applying catalytic coatings in the filter walls have been recognized. The catalyzed DPF technology is a unique type of chemical reactor in which a multitude of physicochemical processes simultaneously take place, thus complicating the tasks of design and optimization. To this end, modeling has contributed considerably in reducing the development effort by offering a better understanding of the underlying phenomena and reducing the excessive experimental efforts associated with experimental testing. A comprehensive review of the evolution and the most recent developments in DPF modeling, covering phenomena such as transport, fluid mechanics, filtration, catalysis, and thermal stresses, is presented in this article. A thorough presentation on the mathematical model formulation is given based on literature references and the differences between modeling approaches are discussed. Selected examples of model application and validation versus the experimental data are presented.

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Effect of a Continuously Regenerating Diesel Particulate Filter on Non-Regulated Emissions and Particle Size Distribution

Cited by 46 publications

References 4 publications

Diesel Particle Size Distribution Estimation from Digital Image Analysis

Diesel Particle Size Distribution Estimation from Digital Image Analysis

Development of surface functionalized activated carbon fiber for control of NO and particulate matter

Catalyzed diesel particulate filter modeling

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