Effect of a Bioactive Glass Ceramic on the Control of Enamel and Dentin Erosion Lesions

Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of a bioactive glass ceramic for the control of erosion and caries lesions. Fragments (n=10) of bovine enamel and root dentin received daily application of different treatments (Biosilicate; Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride-APF; Untreated -control) during the performance of erosive cycles. Surfaces were analyzed with 3D optical profilometry to quantify the superficial loss in four periods (1, 7, 14 and 21 days), as well as the lesion depth with confocal laser scanning microscopy. For caries progression assessment, initial Knoop microhardness was measured on enamel bovine fragments. Initial carious lesions were developed and specimens were divided into three groups (n=10), according to the daily topical application (Biosilicate; APF; no application -control), during the de-remineralization cycles for 14 days. Final microhardness was obtained to calculate the change of surface microhardness. Subsurface demineralization was analyzed using cross-sectional microhardness (depths 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, 110 and 220 µm). Data were tested using ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=5%). Results of erosive evaluation showed that Biosilicate promoted the lowest (p<0.05) values of surface loss, regardless of time, for both enamel and dentin; APF promoted lower (p<0.05) surface loss than control; analyzing different periods of time, APF did not show difference (p>0.05) between 14 and 21 days of demineralization. Results of enamel caries assessment showed that Biosilicate resulted in higher (p<0.05) surface and subsurface microhardness than both APF and control-applications. It may be concluded that Biosilicate application showed a higher potential to reduce surface loss and development of erosion and caries lesions.

Mechanisms of Bioactive Glass on Caries Management: A Review

“…Surface microhardness of the enamel tissue decreased after the demineralization procedure and increased after application of bioactive glass. The value of microhardness was found to be higher in bioactive glass group when compared to the control group or application of other agents [19][20][21]23,29,38]. A study reported the recovery rate of microhardness on demineralized enamel surface after treatment with bioactive glass was 28.8% [21].…”

Effect of Methods of Biosilicate Microparticle Application on Dentin Adhesion

“…The application of biosilicate microparticles on dentin induces the deposition of carbonated hydroxyapatite, which leads to the formation of a mineralized surface layer [12,13]. This layer adhering to dentin constantly releases calcium and phosphate ions that are present in the composition of microparticles, becoming possible adjuvant factors for tooth remineralization [14,15,16]. Moreover, a previous study [18] suggested that blasting with bioactive glasses could increase the durability of dentin bonds, could induce dentin remineralization, and could enhance its repair capacity.…”

“…(2) Biosilicate paste: a 10% biosilicate paste was prepared immediately before application by adding 1 mL of distilled and deionized water in microtubes containing 0.1 g of biosilicate powder. The paste was first scrubbed onto the dentin surface for 30 seconds using a microbrush and, then, it remained still for five minutes [14]. Afterwards, the material was carefully removed with absorbent paper.…”

“…When in contact with dentin, biosilicate particles react rapidly with peritubular and intratubular dentin and induce hydroxyl carbonate apatite deposition in open dentinal tubules [12,13]. Moreover, particles adhered to tissues constantly release calcium and phosphate ions, increasing the local pH and favoring the process of dental remineralization [12,13,14]. In order to reach the treatment objective of minimally invasive dentistry, together with a remineralizing approach, it is necessary to maximize the integrity of the dentin bonding interface by use of adhesive restorative materials [1,2].…”

Avaliação da associação do biosilicato® ao laser de Nd:YAG para o tratamento de cárie/ Nd:YAG biosilicate® association assessment for the treatment of cárie

“…Nesse contexto, biomateriais como o Biosilicato ® tornam-se atraentes para esse fim, pois são capazes de promover a remineralização de tecidos ósseos por meio da formação de uma camada de hidroxiapatita carbonatada (Crovace, Souza, Chinaglia, Peitl, & Zanotto, 2016). Além disso, estudos recentes evidenciam seu uso bem sucedido em testes in vitro para o tratamento de erosão dental (Chinelatti et al, 2017) e em testes clínicos para tratamento de hipersensibilidade dentinária (Tirapelli et al, 2011) e de cárie (Pintado-Palomino, de Almeida, da Motta, Fortes, & Tirapelli, 2019).…”