Effect of 5-n-Alkylresorcinol Extracts from Durum Wheat Whole Grain on the Growth of Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) Causal Agents

Abstract

In an approach toward the identification of ecofriendly compounds for fusarium head blight biocontrol, the in vitro antifungal activity of 5-n-alkylresorcinol (AR) extracts, obtained from durum wheat intact kernels, was tested. In comparison with ethyl acetate and acetone extracts containing AR, total inhibition of Fusarium graminearum spore germination was observed with cyclohexane extract, which also exhibited a significant fungistatic activity against F. graminearum, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium avenaceum, and Fusarium poae. Additionally, the study of the influence of such variables as predrying of seeds and durum wheat genotype on AR cyclohexane extract properties allowed the association of its highest antifungal activity with the AR homologue composition and, in particular, with the presence of a higher C21:0/C23:0 ratio. The interesting finding of this study suggests a potential application of the AR homologues in crop protection systems and could be an important step toward the development of commercial formulations suitable to the prevention of fungal diseases.

Hydrothermal grain pre-processing and ultra-fine milling for the production of durum wheat flour fractions with high nutritional value

“…As reported in Figure 2(c), on average, a significant higher (48%) AR content was evidenced in the grain subjected to hydrothermal treatment. Similar results were also observed in a previous study (Ciccoritti et al, 2015) that showed an increase of AR extractability in durum wheat kernels after hot air drying treatment. In contrast, Andersson et al (2014) showed that AR content remained stable in the matrix throughout food processing.…”

Lipophilic antioxidants in wheat (Triticum spp.): A target for breeding new varieties for future functional cereal products

“…In vitro studies associated alkylresorcinols with anti-mutagenic properties (Gasiorowski, Szyba, Brokos, & Kozubek, 1996), the prevention of colon cancer (Zhu, Conklin, Chen, Wang, & Sang, 2011), and anti-inflammatory activity (Knödler et al, 2008). Furthermore, inhibitory activity of alkylresorcinols against plant pathogenic fungi has been demonstrated (Ciccoritti, Pasquini, Sgrulletta, & Nocente, 2015;Dey, Ahmadi-Afzadi, Nybom, & Tahir, 2013).…”

A Comparison Investigation on Antioxidant Activities, Constitutive Antifungal Phenolic Lipids and Phenolics Contents of Anthracnose Resistant and Susceptible Mango Fruit Cultivars

“…In vitro studies, direct inhibitory effect of 5-n-alk(en)yl-resorcinols on phytopathogenic fungi was also reported (Suzuki et al, 1996). Similarly, a mixture of the 5-n-alkylresorcinol homologs isolated from rye grain inhibited the mycelial growth of Fusarium culmorum, Rhizoctonia solani, and Rhizoctonia cereals (Zarnowski et al, 1999). ARs are known to retain quiescence or latency state of infection in fungi causing postharvest diseases in mango highest levels of 5-n-heptadecenylresorcinol and 5-n-pentadecylresorcinol in the fruit peel of unripe mangoes, and their levels gradually decreased with the initiation of fruit ripening and senescence (Cojocaru et al, 1986;Droby et al, 1986Droby et al, , 1987.…”