Effect of 4 days of mouth rinsing with delmopinol or chlorhexidine on the vitality of plaque bacteria

Rundegren, Jan; Hvid, Eva Bondesson; Johansson, Maria; Åström, Mikael

doi:10.1111/j.1600-051x.1992.tb00653.x

Cited by 62 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Therefore comparisons concerning vitality values can only be made in general. Mean vitality values ranged from 64 to 77%, which is in line with the findings of two studies following cultivation of dental plaque bacteria of healthy volunteers [Gordon et al, 1971;Manganiello et al, 1977], both employing the vital fluorescence technique [Netuschil et al, 1989;Rundegren et al, 1992;Arweiler et al, 2002].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Individual Vitality Pattern of in situ Dental Biofilms at Different Locations in the Oral Cavity

et al. 2004

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The aim of the study was to examine the three-dimensional vitality structure of dental biofilms grown simultaneously at different locations in the oral cavity over a 48-hour period. Eight healthy volunteers wore special acrylic appliances. On each buccal side of the upper and the lower jaw three glass slabs were inserted, allowing for growth of a biofilm mimicking approximal plaque. After 48 h, the specimens were removed and biofilms were stained using two fluorescent dyes which selectively stain vital bacteria green and dead bacteria red. Under the confocal laser scanning microscope optical sections of 1 µm throughout the biofilm were made. To assess the vitality values (proportion of vital bacteria) of the whole biofilm as well as the vitality distribution in the different plaque sections an image analysis program was used. Plaque from the different locations revealed mean vitality values between 64.4 and 75.7% in the upper jaw and between 64.3 and 76.8% in the lower jaw, which were not statistically different. However, a great variation of the vitality values for the different layers and among the 8 subjects was found. Nevertheless, the analysis of the data of each single volunteer revealed a very similar vitality pattern in all twelve locations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Individual Vitality Pattern of in situ Dental Biofilms at Different Locations in the Oral Cavity

et al. 2004

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“…The viability of a 3-day-old plaque was reduced to 24% 2 h after two consec utive mouthrinses with 1.1 mM CHX as compared with 85% living microorganisms at baseline [Netuschil et al, 1989], Pre-rinse values were reached 8 h after mouthrinsing [Ne tuschil et al, 1989] which is in accordance with the above calculations. Recent findings indicate that prolonged use of CHX may have an even more pronounced long-term bacter icidal effect than that of a single mouthrinse [Rundegren et al, 1992], Though the present results and considerations oppose the interpretation of previous findings which led to the as sumption that the prolonged bacteriostatic effect was cru cial for the inhibitory effects of a mouthrinse with either 0.55 or 2.2 mM CHX. Oppermann [1979 actually suggested that the immediate antiglycolytic effect of a 2.2-mM CHX mouthrinse might be due to a bactericidal effect on plaque microorganisms.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…1979;Netuschil et al, 1989;Rundegren et al, 1992], The duration o f the bactericidal effect depends on the actual doubling time of plaque microorganisms as well as the interindivi dual susceptibility to CHX. This study did not allow such assessments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although mouthrinses with CHX exert bactericidal effects on established dental plaque [Netuschil et al, 1989;Rundegren et al, 1992] and salivary binds to oral mucosal surfaces, in tooth pellicle, and in den tal plaque, later to be released from its binding sites as active molecules at a rate which maintains bacteriostatic levels in plaque and saliva fora prolonged period of time.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of Chlorhexidine-Fluoride Mouthrinses on Viability, Acidogenic Potential, and Glycolytic Profile of Established Dental Plaque

Giertsen¹,

Scheie²

1995

Caries Res

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Inhibition of dental plaque acidogenicity by chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthrinses has been ascribed to a long-lasting bacteriostatic effect due to binding of CHX to oral surface structures combined with a slow release rate from the binding sites. The present aims were to study the effects of CHX-containing mouthrinses on the viability and glycolytic activity of established plaque in order to assess the bactericidal versus the bacteriostatic effects. Following 2 days of plaque accumulation, three groups of 10 students rinsed with either 12.0 mMNaF, 0.55 mMCHX plus NaF, or with 2.2 mM CHX plus NaF Plaque samples were collected before and 90 min after mouthrinsing. The pH in pooled pre- and post-rinse plaque samples was recorded before and up to 10 min after the addition of D-[U-¹⁴C]glucose. Total colony-forming units in each sample were determined. High-performance liquid chromatography analyses showed lactate to be the major extracellular glycolytic metabolite in all samples. CHX-NaF markedly reduced the colony-forming units, the pH fall from fermentation of glucose, as well as glucose consumption and lactate formation, whereas NaF alone exhibited no such effects. The reduction of glucose consumption by the CHX-NaF mouthrinses corresponded to the reduction of colony-forming units, indicating no bacteriostatic effect. The plaque pH in vivo was monitored in each student 90 min after mouthrinsing with the test solutions prior to and up to 1 h after a sucrose mouthrinse using touch microelectrodes. The CHX-NaF mouthrinses reduced the fall in pH significantly (p < 0.05) as compared with the NaF mouthrinse. The results suggested that the reduced acid formation by dental plaque following a CHX mouthrinse is due to a bactericidal effect rather than a long-lasting bacteriostatic action.

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“…1991a], Delmopinol has also shown promising antiplaque effects in vivo [Collaert et al, 1990], Clinical studies have indicated that the surpragingival plaque formed during rinsing with delmopinol is fluffy and more easily removed than plaque exposed to placebo rinses [Collaert et al, 1992]. The substance has a low antimicrobial profile com pared to chlorhexidine as shown in a clinical cross-over study, where plaque samples collected after 4 days of rins ing twice a day were stained with fluorescent dyes for eval uation of plaque vitality [Rundegren et al, 1992], The plaque-reducing effect achieved with delmopinol thus in dicates other modes of action than pure antimicrobial ef fects of the substance. Delmopinol strongly reduces inter facial tension [Simonsson et al, 1991b] and it may there fore be assumed that delmopinol penetrates the plaque and affects the plaque matrix.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Delmopinol on the Viscosity of Extracellular Glucans Produced by Streptococcus mutans

Rundegren

Arnebrant

1992

Caries Res

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The surfactant delmopinol, which is a new antiplaque agent with a low antimicrobial profile, was tested for its effects on the viscosity of bacterial extracellular glucans. Glucans were isolated from Streptococcus mutans broth super-natants incubated with 0.15 M sucrose in 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer at pH 6. The viscosity was measured in a shear rate range from 15 to 230 reciprocal seconds. The viscosity of the water-soluble glucan was found to be independent of shear rate whereas the water-insoluble glucan showed a strong shear thinning. The addition of delmopinol to preformed glucans did not affect the viscosity nor the shear rate dependence of the glucans. However, when present during synthesis of the polysaccharides, delmopinol was found to reduce the viscosity of both water-soluble and water-insoluble glucans by approximately 50% at the shear rates investigated. The reduction in viscosity for the water-soluble glucans was obtained at a delmopinol concentration of 0.32 mM (0.01%) and for the water-insoluble glucans at 3.2 mM delmopinol. The observed reduction of viscosity of glucans indicates that the in vivo stability of plaque matrix after delmopinol treatment would be lowered, which may lead to a reduction of plaque cohesion and thus facilitate mechanical plaque removal.

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Effect of 4 days of mouth rinsing with delmopinol or chlorhexidine on the vitality of plaque bacteria

Cited by 62 publications

References 4 publications

Individual Vitality Pattern of in situ Dental Biofilms at Different Locations in the Oral Cavity

Individual Vitality Pattern of in situ Dental Biofilms at Different Locations in the Oral Cavity

Effects of Chlorhexidine-Fluoride Mouthrinses on Viability, Acidogenic Potential, and Glycolytic Profile of Established Dental Plaque

Effect of Delmopinol on the Viscosity of Extracellular Glucans Produced by Streptococcus mutans

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