Effect of 3-Hydroxy-3-Methyl-Glutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibitors on the Meibomian Gland Morphology in Patients with Dyslipidemia

Wu, Kuan-I; Chen, Chin‐Ying; Jou, Tzuu-Shuh; Juang, Jyh‐Ming Jimmy; Lü, Jinying; Wang, I‐Jong

doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2020.06.029

Cited by 8 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In a pilot study, treatment with topical atorvastatin (50 μM, 8 times a day for 4 weeks) has been shown to improve symptoms of dry eyes and blepharitis 107 . Conversely, oral statins have not been shown to modify meibomian gland atrophy and meibum quality 108 …”

Section: Treatment Of Ocular Rosaceamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ocular manifestations of rosacea: A clinical review

Tavassoli

Wong

Chan

2021

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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Ocular rosacea is a chronic inflammatory condition that can occur in the absence of cutaneous features. The most common ocular features are chronic blepharoconjunctivitis with eyelid margin inflammation and meibomian gland dysfunction. Corneal complications include corneal vascularization, ulceration, scarring and, rarely, perforation. Diagnosis is largely based on clinical signs, although it is often delayed in the absence of cutaneous changes, particularly in children. It can also be associated with systemic disorders such as cardiovascular disease. Management ranges from local therapy to systemic treatment, depending on the severity of the disease. In this review, we describe the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features and treatment of rosacea and ocular rosacea.

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Section: Treatment Of Ocular Rosaceamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…107 Conversely, oral statins have not been shown to modify meibomian gland atrophy and meibum quality. 108…”

Section: Systemic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular manifestations of rosacea: A clinical review

Tavassoli

Wong

Chan

2021

Clinical Exper Ophthalmology

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“…The prospective and nonrandomized study by Wu et al [ 40 ] investigated the possible association of dyslipidemia and its treatment with MG morphologic changes using meibography. In total, 98 participants were divided into two groups: 85 participants in the statin group and 13 participants in the nonstatin group.…”

Section: Research Results From Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Serum Lipid Level with Meibum Biosynthesis and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Review

Yoo

Park

Hwang

et al. 2022

JCM

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The primary role of meibomian glands (MGs) is to actively synthesize and secret lipids and proteins spread onto the tear film, and the glandular lipids promote tear stability, prevent evaporation, and reduce friction. Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is the leading cause of dry eye disease and one of the most common ophthalmic problems worldwide. MGs are densely innervated and regulated by hormones and growth factors. However, since the polar and nonpolar lipids are produced through processes in MGs that are not completely understood, a relevant question has been raised: Would the altered systemic lipids metabolism affect the physiology and structure of MGs? This review introduces the recent update regarding the relationships between serum lipid and MGD in clinical and basic research while providing answers to this question. A causal relationship remains to be established; however, serum lipid level or dyslipidemia may be related to MGD directly or indirectly, or both. Further studies are warranted to establish the role of serum lipid level and meibocyte differentiation/maturation and lipid synthesis.

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“…A recent study revealed that HMG-CoA reductase, which is involved in lipid secretion, was expressed not only in the meibomian gland of human eyelid tissue but also in Zeis and pilosebaceous glands ( 11 ), suggesting that statins may have a direct effect on lipid production in eyelid tissues. However, a recent prospective, clinical study in Taiwan showed that changes in meiboscores, lid margin abnormality scores and the quality of meibum were not reversed with the use of statins in dyslipidemia patients at a follow-up of 12 months, and no significant changes in Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores or other dry eye parameters were observed ( 13 ). This could be related to the small sample size and the limited follow-up duration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This raises the possibility that statins are able to directly affect lipid production in the eyelid and may decrease blepharitis risk. However, a prospective study in Taiwan found that statin use was unable to reverse lid margin meiboscores and meibum quality in patients with blepharitis, and the Blue Mountains Eye Study III showed the presence of dry eye symptoms with statin usage ( 12 , 13 ). However, a large, clinical study evaluating the role of statins in the prevention of blepharitis is lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statin Use Is Associated With a Lower Risk of Blepharitis: A Population-Based Study

et al. 2022

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BackgroundBlepharitis is a common eye disorder that may be overlooked by patients and clinical practitioners. The symptoms of blepharitis often manifest as irritation, a burning sensation, grittiness, and itchiness and may decrease visual acuity if not treated promptly. Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), a common cause of blepharitis, is believed to be associated with increased inflammatory marker levels that may disrupt the composition of lipids produced by the sebaceous glands in the eyelids and ultimately cause tear film instability.MethodsThis is a retrospective, population-based study using National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) data from a 14-year period (2000–2015). Pearson chi-squared and Student's t-tests were used to assess the differences in categorical and continuous variables, respectively, between statin users and non-statin users. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) after adjusting for confounders. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess the cumulative risk of blepharitis between the two cohorts.ResultsA total of 67,014 patients who used statins were enrolled as the study cohort, and 268,056 patients who did not use statins were enrolled as the comparison cohort. The incidence of blepharitis was 3.04% with statin treatment and 3.72% without statin treatment (p < 0.001). Patients who used statins had a lower risk of developing blepharitis [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.746, p < 0.001] than those who did not. In addition, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, chalazion, rosacea, Sjogren syndrome, psoriasis and atopy were found to be possible risk factors for blepharitis.ConclusionStatin use can decrease the risk of developing blepharitis. However, further prospective studies are needed to evaluate statin treatment for various subtypes of blepharitis and to identify the associated mechanism.

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Effect of 3-Hydroxy-3-Methyl-Glutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibitors on the Meibomian Gland Morphology in Patients with Dyslipidemia

Cited by 8 publications

References 56 publications

Ocular manifestations of rosacea: A clinical review

Ocular manifestations of rosacea: A clinical review

Association of Serum Lipid Level with Meibum Biosynthesis and Meibomian Gland Dysfunction: A Review

Statin Use Is Associated With a Lower Risk of Blepharitis: A Population-Based Study

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