Effect of 2D photonic structure patterned in the LED surface on emission properties

Photonic crystals (PhC) create platform for a new generation of optical and optoelectronical devices. The PhC structures have been patterned in GaAs-based light emitting diodes in order to modify their optical properties. Patterned diodes with two-dimensional PhC were investigated by measurements of emission and detection properties. Measured dependencies revealed effect of PhC on emission and photocurrent spectrum. IntroductionPhotonic crystals (PhC) push the limits of conventional optoelectronical devices and create platform for a new generation of components of integrated optoelectronics. The PhC structures have been recently employed as a way how to improve the light extraction efficiency (LEE) in light emitting diodes (LED) and modify the far-field pattern diagram [1][2][3]. LEE enhancement can be achieved by minimizing the total internal reflection in the diode surface by surface roughness or photonic band gap effect [4][5][6]. In case of large period structures, the PhCs work as a diffraction grating placed directly on the light source. Short period structures can generate a photonic band gap where photons with frequencies within the gap are not allowed to propagate, resulting in an enhancement of light extraction in the vertical direction from a LED [6]. Also these short period structures are able to modify the far-field pattern diagram [3].In this work we focus on fabrication of two-dimensional (2D) PhC structures prepared in LED surface with aim to modify far-field pattern diagram and to improve LEE from the LED surface. Conventional GaAs/AlGaAs based LED with triple quantum well in active region emitting at central wavelength of 850 nm was used [7]. The LED surface was patterned with 2D PhC of square symmetry and the effect of PhC on optical properties was analysed. ExperimentalThe LED structures were grown by low pressure metal organic vapor phase epitaxy on (001) oriented n-GaAs substrate. The LED structure consists of 800 nm n-doped Al 0.295 Ga 0.705 As confinement layer, the undoped quantum well (QW) active region and 1300 nm p-doped upper confinement Al 0.295 Ga 0.705 As layer. The structure was covered by 40 nm GaAs cap layer (Fig. 1a). The QW active region contains three 9 nm thick GaAs quantum wells separated by 24 nm thick Al 0.295 Ga 0.705 As barriers.

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“…The enhancement of light extraction efficiency of the PhC LED was 3 times higher in comparison to no-PhC LED [11].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Emission and absorption properties of patterned LED with 2D PhC

Suslik

Pudiš

Škriniarová

et al. 2012

The Ninth International Conference on Advanced Semiconductor Devices and Mircosystems

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“…As a result, LEE for LEDs can be improved vertically. [29][30][31] When the PBG effect is employed to improve the LEE of LEDs, the photonic crystal structure is generally penetrated deep inside the active layer to make all outgoing photons from the active layer react with the photonic crystal structure. 32,33 The light wave will be coupled into a radiation pattern in free space if a photonic crystal structure is integrated into the LED when the frequency of the light-guiding mode in the LED falls within the photonic crystal's forbidden PBG and the efficiency of extracting light can theoretically approach 100%.…”

Section: Photonic Band Gap Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The photonic crystal placed on the semiconductor material's surface destroys the total reflection condition of the initial plane, allowing light to be emitted outside the light cone. As a result, LEE for LEDs can be improved vertically 29–31 . When the PBG effect is employed to improve the LEE of LEDs, the photonic crystal structure is generally penetrated deep inside the active layer to make all outgoing photons from the active layer react with the photonic crystal structure 32,33 .…”

Section: Fundamental Principles For Photonic Crystal Ledsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of photonic crystals for light‐emitting diodes

Wang,

Dong,

et al. 2023

J Am Ceram Soc.

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Photonic crystals (PC) can greatly enhance the optoelectronic performance of LEDs, due to their distinctive color and photonic band gap, etc. Therefore, many scholars have conducted extensive research based on the high light extraction efficiency, good monochromaticity, and other excellent optoelectronic properties of PC LEDs. This review discusses the main principles of photonic crystals to improve the optoelectronic performance of LEDs and summarizes 12 structural applications of photonic crystal LEDs, such as PC slabs, Bragg grating, Backside reflectors, Surface PC, Embedded PC, Dual PC, PC beads, CPC, PC thin films, LIPC, defective PC, composite architectures with other materials that boost LED optoelectronic qualities. In summary, it is found that photonic crystals can not only greatly improve the light extraction efficiency of LEDs but also improve other optoelectronic properties such as luminescent color, and directional radiation angle, and reduce the manufacturing cost of LEDs. Photonic crystal LEDs are expected to be a strong candidate for future lighting technology Finally, the prospects and challenges of PC LEDs are summarized.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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“…Nowadays, the field of photonic applications is dominantly focused on the preparation and implementation of 3D photonic structures [2,3]. From the application point of view, there is a wide range of PhCs applications with perspective and significant improvement of features of optoelectronic devices as light emitting diodes (LEDs) [4], optical waveguides with photonic structure [5] and photodetectors [6]. Earlier works where PhC and photonic quasi-crystals (PQC) were used in optoelectronic applications produce less directional emissions due to the high level of symmetry [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D photonic structures for optoelectronic applications

Suslik

Gaso

Jandura

et al. 2022

22nd Polish-Slovak-Czech Optical Conference on Wave and Quantum Aspects of Contemporary Optics

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Photonics has become recently an intensively evolving area, where the possibilities of photonic structures or crystals (PhC) for integrated optoelectronics were found. An employment of three dimensional (3D) laser technology with combination of stable polymer resin enable printing of micro-optical and nano-optical components or other type diffractive structures for optoelectronic applications. In this paper, we demonstrate possibilities of 3D laser technology based on two photon polymerization for application in optoelectronics. We prepared two types of 3D polymer photonic structures, which was proposed for direct application on light emitting diode chip. We designed and fabricated Kagome and square lattice structures in 3D arrangement and we analyzed their properties in scanning electron microscope and by diffraction measurements.

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Effect of 2D photonic structure patterned in the LED surface on emission properties

Cited by 27 publications

References 17 publications

Emission and absorption properties of patterned LED with 2D PhC

Emission and absorption properties of patterned LED with 2D PhC

Design of photonic crystals for light‐emitting diodes

3D photonic structures for optoelectronic applications

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