Effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D supplementation, ultraviolet light and their interaction on productive performance, bone characteristics, and some behavioral aspects of broiler chicks

El-Safty, S. A.; Galal, A.; El-Gendi, G. M.; El-Azeem, Nafisa A. Abd; Ghazaly, M.A.; Abdelhady, A. Y.M.

doi:10.1016/j.aoas.2022.05.002

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The enhanced BW, BWG, and gain:feed ratio by feeding birds with BD + Cal over BD in Exp. 1 were consistent with the reported improvements in body weight and feed efficiency resulted from feeding high doses of calcidiol to broiler chickens [13,23] and breeders [24]. Interesting, birds fed BD + DHA + Cal had an increased feed intake and numerical improvements in BW and BWG.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Two consecutive experiments were conducted in the present study to determine responses of growth performance, tissue lipid profiles, and bone characteristics of broiler chickens to supranutrition of DHA and calcidiol during the full starter and grower periods. The sources and concentrations of these two nutrients were chosen based on our previous findings [9,11] and literature [12,13] to enrich them in the chicken tissues singularly or together. Indeed, supplementing these two nutrients into diets at the doses used in the present study led to 4-19fold increases in DHA and 44%-52% increase in calcidiol contents of the liver, breast, and thigh (Kalia et al, manuscript in preparation).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Long et al [5] and Ribeiro et al [28] reported that high doses of n-3 fatty acids in broiler diets improved BWG and feed conversion ratio. However, supplementing calcidiol alone decreased feed intake of chickens in two studies [13,29]. Meanwhile, a number of studies indicated that broiler chickens or breeders responded well to dietary supplementations of 1400 to 2800 IU of cholecalciferol/kg diet [3,4,30] and 0.55 to 2.55 g DHA/kg diet [5][6][7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This elevation implies that adding extra 10,000 IU of calcidiol/kg into the BD contained 300 IU of vitamin D 3 improved tibia bone strength. Improvements in tibia bone strength and bone volume were produced by supplementing calcidiol at 2760 IU/kg [40] and 12,000 IU/kg [13], respectively, in the poultry diet. It will be interesting to find out if these improvements are still detectable when 10,000 to 12,000 IU calcidiol/kg is added to commercial diets supplemented with > 2000 IU of vitamin D 3 /kg.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The supplemental dietary level of DHA was based on the results of our previous study in which grade levels of the same microalgal biomass were used for enriching DHA in tissues of chickens [11]. The 10,000 IU of calcidiol/kg was chosen based on the safe range of supplementations reported in literature for the enrichments of calcidiol or testing of toxicity [12,13]. In the BD and all treatment diets, cholecalciferol was supplemented at 1.5-fold (300 IU/kg) of the recommendation by National Research Council (NRC, 1994) [14].…”

Section: Animal Diets and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supranutrition of microalgal docosahexaenoic acid and calcidiol improved growth performance, tissue lipid profiles, and tibia characteristics of broiler chickens

Kalia

Magnuson

Sun

et al. 2023

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Background Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and calcidiol could be enriched in chicken for improving public nutrition and health. It remains unclear if supranutritional levels of DHA and calcidiol impair growth performance or metabolism of broiler chickens. This study was to determine singular and combined effects of high levels of supplemental DHA-rich microalgal biomass or oil and calcidiol on growth performance, concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol, and nonesterfied fatty acids in plasma, liver, breast, and thigh, and biophysical properties of tibia. Methods In Exp. 1, 144 day-old Cornish chicks were divided into 4 groups (6 cages/treatment, 6 birds/cage), and were fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet (BD), BD + 10,000 IU calcidiol/kg (BD + Cal), BD + 1% DHA-rich Aurantiochytrium (1.2 g DHA/kg; BD + DHA), and BD + Cal + DHA for 6 weeks. In Exp. 2, 180 day-old chicks were divided into 5 groups, and were fed: BD, BD + DHA (0.33% to 0.66% oil, 1.5 to 3.0 g DHA/kg), BD + DHA + EPA (1.9% to 3.8% eicosapentaenoic acid-rich Nannochloropsis sp. CO18, 0.3 to 0.6 g EPA/kg), BD + DHA + calcidiol (6000 to 12,000 IU/kg diet), and BD + DHA + EPA + Cal for 6 weeks. Results Birds fed BD + Cal diet in Exp. 1 and BD + DHA + EPA diet in Exp. 2 had higher (P < 0.05) body weight gain (10%–11%) and gain:feed ratio (7%), and lower (P < 0.05) total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in plasma (18%–54%), liver (8%–26%), breast (19%–26%), and thigh (10%–19%), respectively, over the controls. The two diets also improved (P < 0.05) tibial breaking strength (8%–24%), total bone volume (2%–13%), and (or) bone mineral density (3%–19%) of chickens. Conclusion Supranutrition of dietary calcidiol and DHA alone or together did not produce adverse effects, but led to moderate improvements of growth performance, lipid profiles of plasma and muscle, and bone properties of broiler chickens.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animal Diets and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supranutrition of microalgal docosahexaenoic acid and calcidiol improved growth performance, tissue lipid profiles, and tibia characteristics of broiler chickens

Kalia

Magnuson

Sun

et al. 2023

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Minimal effects of ultraviolet light supplementation on egg production, egg and bone quality, and health during early lay of laying hens

Rana

Clay

Regmi

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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Chicken vision is sensitive to ultraviolet (UV) light containing the UVA spectrum, while UVB plays a key role in the endogenous production of vitamin D3. However, commercially available light sources are typically deficient in the UV spectrum and thus may not adequately fulfill the lighting requirements of indoor-housed laying hens. We hypothesized that supplementary UVB light may improve egg production and egg quality, and bone health during early lay relative to UVA supplementation or standard control lighting. To investigate the effects of UV light supplementation, an experiment was conducted on 252 ISA Brown hens during 16 to 27 weeks of age. Birds were housed in eighteen pens (14 hens/pen) under three different light treatment groups each with six replications: (i) UVO: standard control lighting with LED white light, (ii) UVA: control lighting plus supplemental daylight with an avian bulb, and (iii) UVA/B: control lighting plus a supplemental full spectrum reptile bulb containing both UVA and UVB wavelengths. Hen-day egg production and egg quality, blood parameters including plasma Ca and P, and serum 25(OH)D3, and hen body weight and external health scoring were measured at different age points; while bone quality was assessed at the end of the experiment at 27 weeks. Data were analyzed in JMP® 16.0 using general linear mixed models with α level set at 0.05. Results showed that UVA and UVA/B supplemented birds reached sexual maturity (50% production) 3 and 1 day earlier, respectively, than control birds. There was a trend for UV lights to increase hen-day egg production (P = 0.06). Among egg quality traits, only eggshell reflectivity and yolk index were affected by UV lights (P = 0.02 and 0.01, respectively); however, most of the egg quality traits changed over age (all P < 0.01). Post-hoc tests showed higher serum 25(OH)D3 in the UVA/B group relative to control hens (P < 0.05); but there was no treatment effect on plasma Ca and P or on bone quality parameters (all P > 0.05). A significant interaction was observed between light treatment and age for the number of comb wounds (P = 0.0004), with the UV supplemented hens showing more comb wounds after 24 weeks. These results demonstrated that supplemental UVA/B light had minimal effects on egg production and egg quality, whereas, UVA/B exposure may increase vitamin D3 synthesis during the early laying period. The optimum duration of exposure and level of intensity needs to be determined to ensure these benefits.

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Effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D supplementation, ultraviolet light and their interaction on productive performance, bone characteristics, and some behavioral aspects of broiler chicks

Cited by 2 publications

References 27 publications

Supranutrition of microalgal docosahexaenoic acid and calcidiol improved growth performance, tissue lipid profiles, and tibia characteristics of broiler chickens

Supranutrition of microalgal docosahexaenoic acid and calcidiol improved growth performance, tissue lipid profiles, and tibia characteristics of broiler chickens

Minimal effects of ultraviolet light supplementation on egg production, egg and bone quality, and health during early lay of laying hens

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