Effect of 20 Years of Low N Rate Pasture Fertilization on Soil Acidity

Berg, W. A.

doi:10.2307/3899281

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…Inconsistent trends between electrical conductivity and soil NO 3 -N and NH 4 -N across seasons suggest other ions in solution were responsible for seasonal dynamics in electrical conductivity. Interestingly, the lowest values of soil pH across seasons matched the highest values of soil NO 3 -N in each grazing treatment, possibly reflecting increased hydrogen ion generation from nitrified NH 4 -N (Berg 1986;Mapfumo et al 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Previous evaluations of ungrazed crested wheatgrass and native vegetation found no difference in soil bulk density at 0-15 cm , but greater soil penetration resistance in the latter at 7.5-cm and 9-cm depths when grazed . Annual fall application of N fertilizer, coupled with acid-forming N cycling processes, resulted in greater extractable NO 3 -N and NH 4 -N and lower soil pH in CWP compared to HGP and MGP at 0-10 cm (Berg 1986). Between permanent pastures, soil pH in HGP was greater than MGP at both depths, the result of which was likely caused by a plant community-induced shift that contributed to higher concentrations of basic cations (e.g., exchangeable Ca þ2 and Mg þ2 ) in the former .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Grazing Management, Season, and Drought Contributions to Near-Surface Soil Property Dynamics in Semiarid Rangeland

Liebig

Kronberg

Hendrickson

et al. 2014

Rangeland Ecology & Management

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Grazing management effects on soil property dynamics are poorly understood. A study was conducted to assess effects of grazing management and season on soil property dynamics and greenhouse gas flux within semiarid rangeland. Grazing management treatments evaluated in the study included two permanent pastures differing in stocking rate (moderately and heavily grazed pastures) and a fertilized, heavily grazed crested wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum [Fisch. ex. Link] Schult.) pasture near Mandan, North Dakota. Over a period of 3 yr, soil properties were measured in the spring, summer, and fall at 0-5 cm and 5-10 cm. Concurrent to soil-based measurements, fluxes of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide were measured on 1-wk to 2-wk intervals and related to soil properties via stepwise regression. High stocking rate and fertilizer nitrogen (N) application within the crested wheatgrass pasture contributed to increased soil bulk density and extractable N, and decreased soil pH and microbial biomass compared to permanent pastures. Soil nitrate nitrogen tended to be greatest at peak aboveground biomass, whereas soil ammonium nitrogen was greatest in early spring. Drought conditions during the third year of the study contributed to nearly two-fold increases in extractable N under the crested wheatgrass pasture and the heavily grazed permanent pasture, but not the moderately grazed permanent pasture. Stepwise regression found select soil properties to be modestly related to soil-atmosphere greenhouse gas fluxes, with model r 2 ranging from 0.09 to 0.76. Electrical conductivity was included most frequently in stepwise regressions and, accordingly, may serve as a useful screening indicator for greenhouse gas ''hot spots'' in grazing land.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grazing Management, Season, and Drought Contributions to Near-Surface Soil Property Dynamics in Semiarid Rangeland

Liebig

Kronberg

Hendrickson

et al. 2014

Rangeland Ecology & Management

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“…This may be partly ascribed to the parent materials, topography, soil texture, and vegetation (Helyar et al, 1990;Barton et al, 1994;Álvarez et al, 2002), and also resulted from the long-term application of chemical fertilizers (Berg, 1986;Schwab et al, 1990;Conyers et al, 1996;Wei et al, 2006;Liao et al, 2007). -15618-1995).…”

Section: Soil Heavy Metal Concentrations and Distribution Characterismentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentrations of Heavy Metals in Suburban Horticultural Soils and Their Uptake by Artemisia selengensis

Cui

Sun

et al. 2015

Pedosphere

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A total of 222 surface soil samples and 40 plant samples were collected to investigate the spatial distribution and possible sources of soil heavy metals and to know the uptake and translocation of heavy metals from roots to different plant parts in a representative vegetable production area in the Baguazhou Island, a suburb of Nanjing City, East China. The arithmetic mean values of total Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn concentrations in the soils were 0.314, 133, 41.0, 58.0, 31.8, and 114 mg kg −1 , respectively. All of these values were above the topsoil background values in the Nanjing area. Multivariate and geostatistical analyses showed that soil Cd contamination was derived mainly from agricultural practices. In contrast, Cu and Zn were derived mainly from soil parent materials and Pb from atmospheric deposition from highway gasoline stations. Artemisia selengensis, a locally important specialty vegetable, accumulated heavy metals primarily in the edible leaves. The general distribution of heavy metal concentrations in this plant species showed that the highest occurred in the leaves, intermediate in the stems and lowest in the roots. Cd had the highest concentration factor (root-to-soil ratio) and may pose increased health risks in the future to the local population through the consumption of contaminated vegetables.Key Words: concentration factor, plant uptake, pollution source, spatial distribution, translocation factor, vegetable Citation: Cui X, Sun X L, Hu P J, Yuan C, Luo Y M, Wu L H, Christie P. 2015. Concentrations of heavy metals in suburban horticultural soils and their uptake by Artemisia selengensis. Pedosphere. 25(6): 878-887.

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“…Soil pH in the surface 5 cm was reduced from 6.7 to 5.3 by 20 years of N fertilization of improved pastures on loamy sand soils in Oklahoma (Berg 1986). In Kansas, 20 years of 67 kg N fertilization ha -1 y r -1 decreased the surface pH of a silt loam soil under grass from 5.9 to 5.1 (Owensby et al 1969).…”

Section: Conclusion and Management Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Journal of Range Management, Volume 53, Number 2 (March 2000)

2000

REM

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POSTMASTER: Return entire journal with address change -R E T U R N P O S TA G EG U A R A N- T h e Journal of Range Management is a publication of the Society for RangeManagement. It serves as a forum for the presentation and discussion of facts, ideas, and philosophies pertaining to the study, management, and use of rangelands and their several resources. Accordingly, all material published herein is signed and reflects the individual views of the authors and is not necessarily an official position of the Society. Manuscripts from anyone-nonmembers as well as members-are welcome and will be given every consideration by the editors. Editorial comments by an individual are also welcome and, subject to acceptance by the editor, will be published as a "Viewpoint." In AbstractWe compared the herbage standing crop on 31 farms along a rainfall gradient in Namibia (southwestern Africa) in 1997 with the results attained for the same gradient by Walter (1939). We found that the slope for the regression of herbage yield on mean annual rainfall in 1997 was 5.93, i.e. 5.93 kg herbage was produced per hectare for every 1 mm increase in rainfall along the gradient. This regression slope is considerably lower than that in Walter's (1939) study (slope = 10.34). Thus, current grassland productivity per unit of rainfall in Namibia is about half that of 50 years ago. There is no evidence of a change in annual rainfall over this period, nor is there any evidence that either short-term (current) or longer-term (11 years) stocking densities affect current herbage yield. We conclude that, while desertification has taken place, grazing over the last decade has not been the cause of this reduced productivity.Key Words: Africa, rangelands, historical records, grazing, rainfall There is widespread concern over desertification (i.e. a longterm decline in productivity) of the semi-arid grasslands of the world (Schlesinger et al. 1990, 1996, Hall and Scurlock 1991, Strohbach 1992, Parton et al. 1995. However, it is often difficult to unequivocally determine whether desertification has occurred, because different types of information (e.g. on soil quality, carbon isotopes, vegetation quality and quantity) may give conflicting results (Hoffman et al. 1995, Parton et al. 1995, Parsons et al. 1997. Also, logistical problems such as variability in annual rainfall cause great natural fluctuations in herbage growth, making it difficult to differentiate pattern in declining productivity from noise caused by random or event-driven fluctuations (Hoffman and Cowling 1990, Sullivan 1996, Hoffman 1997, Ward et al. 1998, Ward et al. 1999. Long-term cycles in rainfall can further exacerbate this problem. For example, Hoffman and Cowling (1990) and Hoffman (1997) have shown that Acocks ' (1953) claim that desertification was rampant in the semi-arid Karoo region of South Africa was probably caused by the long dry period in the 1950's. When one compares photographs of the vegetation taken in 1925 by I.B. Pole Evans with photographs taken at the same ...

show abstract

Effect of 20 Years of Low N Rate Pasture Fertilization on Soil Acidity

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Grazing Management, Season, and Drought Contributions to Near-Surface Soil Property Dynamics in Semiarid Rangeland

Grazing Management, Season, and Drought Contributions to Near-Surface Soil Property Dynamics in Semiarid Rangeland

Concentrations of Heavy Metals in Suburban Horticultural Soils and Their Uptake by Artemisia selengensis

Journal of Range Management, Volume 53, Number 2 (March 2000)

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